According to your textbook, when you prepare speaking notes for your first speech, you should

When your textbook describes public speaking as a form of empowerment, it means that public speaking is

b. a way to make a difference in something we care about.

How much time does the average adult spend in conversation?

d. about 30 percent of waking hours

When you experience stage fright, your body is producing extra __________ , a hormone that is released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

d. Think of your speech as an act of communication.

One way to build confidence as a speaker is to create a vivid mental blueprint in which you see yourself succeeding in your speech. According to your textbook, this process is called

6. Research has shown that the anxiety level of most speakers drops off significantly

c. when they are 30 to 60 seconds into the speech.

Dealing with such matters as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion are all part of what your textbook calls

According to your textbook, a common mistake students make when developing their first speech is

b. trying to cover too much material.

Which of the following is appropriate when using humor in a public speech?

a. gently making fun of common human quirks

According to your textbook, the first thing a speaker needs to do in the introduction of a speech is to

c. get the interest and attention of the audience.

11. A sentence or two that lets the audience know that a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another is called a

According to your textbook, the type of delivery in which you plan your speech in detail and learn it well without trying to memorize the exact wording is called

In her first speech, Kayla introduced her classmate Sean to the class. Each of her main points dealt with one of Sean’s hobbies. According to your textbook, Kayla’s speech was arranged in __________ order.

According to your textbook, when you prepare speaking notes for your first speech, you should

a. make sure the notes can be read at arm’s length.

Outlining is an important part of public speaking because

b. an outline helps ensure that ideas flow clearly from one to another.

Two types of speech outlines discussed in your textbook are the

c. preparation outline and the speaking outline.

All of the following are necessary in a preparation outline except

b. directions for delivering the speech.

According to your textbook, a speech title should

b. attract the audience’s attention.

A catchy speech title is fine as long as it is

b. relevant to the speech.

According to your textbook, the main reason to keep a speaking outline brief is to

d. help the speaker maintain eye contact with the audience.

According to your textbook, brainstorming is especially helpful when you are having trouble

a. choosing a speech topic.

After choosing a topic, what is the next step of speech preparation?

d. determining the general purpose

Which of the following is out of place in a speech to inform?

The central idea of a speech should be

b. written as a complete sentence.

As your textbook explains, the primary purpose of speechmaking is to

a. gain a desired response from listeners.

Audience-centeredness means that public speakers should

a. keep the audience foremost in mind throughout the speechmaking process.

The process by which a speaker seeks to create a bond with listeners by emphasizing common values, goals, and experiences is referred to as ___________ by communication scholars.

To say that people usually want to hear about things that are meaningful to them is to say that people are

What are the two types of audience analysis discussed in your textbook?

a. demographic and situational

According to your textbook, which of the following is a demographic characteristic of a speech audience?

Creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people or assuming that all members of the group are alike is called

If you were giving a persuasive speech to a general audience on the subject of mandatory retirement, the most important factor to consider when analyzing your audience would probably be its

According to your textbook, you should always combine demographic audience analysis with __________ audience analysis.

c. sounds conversational even though it has been rehearsed.

Communication based on a speaker’s body and voice, rather than on the use of words, is called

b. nonverbal communication.

In which situation would a speaker be most likely to read from a manuscript?

c. a speech on international policy at the United Nations

According to your textbook, the __________ speaker delivers a speech with little or no immediate preparation.

The __________ speaker uses only brief notes or a speaking outline to jog the memory.

Speaking extemporaneously

b. is adaptable to more situations than is speaking from manuscript.

According to your textbook, a speech that sounds spontaneous to the audience no matter how many times it has been rehearsed has a strong __________ quality.

Using __________ is the best way to pull listeners into your speeches.

The more __________ your examples, the greater impact they are likely to have.

Which of the following statistical measures corresponds to what is popularly called “the average”?

The main value of using statistics in a speech is to

d. quantify the speaker’s ideas.

Using expert testimony is an excellent way to lend __________ to your speeches.

The opinions of ordinary people who have firsthand experience or insight on a topic are referred to as __________ testimony.

According to your textbook, when citing Internet documents during a speech, a speaker should usually identify the

Of all the kinds of speechmaking, __________ speaking is the most complex and the most challenging.

According to your textbook, you should think of your persuasive speech as

b. a kind of mental dialogue with the audience.

The __________ is that portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.

A persuasive speech exploring the truth or falsity of an assertion is known as a speech on a question of

The __________ is the obligation of a persuasive speaker to prove that a change from current policy is necessary.

As your textbook explains, you must deal with three basic issues whenever you discuss a question of policy. Those issues are need, plan, and

Which of the following is the second step in Monroe’s motivated sequence?

What contemporary researchers term credibility, Aristotle termed

According to your textbook, the two most important factors affecting the credibility of a persuasive speaker are

a. competence and character.

As explained in your textbook, the credibility of a speaker before he or she starts to speak is called _________ credibility.

According to your textbook, when is it especially important for a persuasive speaker to establish common ground with the audience?

d. at the beginning of the speech

Which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to enhance your credibility in a persuasive speech?

a. Establish common ground with your audience.

Studies have found that public speakers will usually be more persuasive when they

b. present evidence in specific rather than general terms.