What are the risk factors of communicable diseases

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1. a Number of studies for either the meta-analysis or (for narrative reviews) the risk factor. b Conclusion statements are included in Supplementary file 2. Effect direction is based on conclusions: ↑ = increased risk; ↓ = decreased risk; — = no association. OR Odds ratio, RR Relative risk, TB Tuberculosis, HIV Human immunodeficiency virus, HCV Hepatitis C virus, IBD Invasive bacterial disease, IPD Invasive pneumococcal disease, IMD Invasive meningococcal disease, IHD Invasive Hib disease, CAP Community acquired pneumonia, AUD Alcohol use disorder, BMI Body mass index, SHS Second-hand smoke, ETS Environmental tobacco smoke, ECS Environmental cigarette smoke, PWID People who inject drugs