adverb in comparison with someone or something similar conjunction used for comparing two things, people, situations etc and showing that there is an important difference between them phrase used for talking about the ways in which two things are different, or about the ways in which something has changed phrase used for saying that something is true when you compare it with other similar things phrase used when you are comparing two things or people and saying that the second one is very different from the first phrase when compared to someone or something phrase used with ‘more’, ‘less’, and other comparatives for showing that when an amount, activity, feeling, or quality increases or is reduced, it causes something else to increase or be reduced at the same time phrase considered in relation to something adjective having a particular quality when compared with something else COMPARISON OF EQUALITYAffirmative: AS - AS COMPARISON OF INFERIORITY LESS - THAN I’m less fat than last summer The film was less interesting than what I expected COMPARISON OF SUPERIORITY AND SUPERLATIVE When comparing two things we use the comparative: John is taller than Mark When comparing more than two things, we use the superlative: John is the tallest in his family short words (1 syllable): Comparatives add -ER and superlatives add -EST old older oldest fast faster fastestWords ending in -e drop it late later latest shy shier shiest Words ending in one single syllable followed by one single consonant, double the final consonant when the vowel is stressed: -1V+1C --> -CC fat fatter fattest slim slimmer slimmest long words (3 or more syllables): They use MORE for the comparative and THE MOST for the superlative. intelligent more intelligent the most intelligent 2-syllable words: They can use both forms, but we prefer More/the Most handsome more handsome the most handsome easy easier the easiest quickly more quickly the most quickly If you find the two-syllable words confusing, it is usually safe to say that when in doubt, you can always use more/most. She's older than me (the most common construction in informal English) She's older than I am (the most common in formal English) She's older than I (very formal and rarely used, so you can forget about it) Don't forget to use the article with superlatives: the Tommy is the tallest person I know When comparing with a group, use the preposition IN (rarely "of") That's the highest building in the world You have the nicest room in the hotel The boss is the most important person in the company I'm the youngest in my family But we can use the preposition OF before plurals and time expresions He’s the biggest one of the boys Kevin is the most handsome of them This is the best day of my life July is usually the hottest month of the year - my friend is very tall --> my friend is much taller than me - my friend is a bit tall --> my friend is a bit taller than me - my friend is very very very tall --> my friend is by far the tallest - My friend is much less tall than me - my friend is by far the tallest in class (much much taller than the rest) - my friend is much more intelligent than John - my girl-friend is by far the most wonderful girl in the world To express that the quality is increasing, you use more and more - It's getting darker and darker
good/well better best bad/badly worse worst far further/farther furthest/farthest SUMMARY (examples) = Jim is as tall as Jack ≠ Jim is not so tall as Jack - Jim is less tall than Jack + Jim is taller than Jack Jim is more intelligent than Jack ++ Jim is the tallest in my class Jim is the most intelligent Note for speakers of Spanish (and Italian, Portuguese, etc.): What you call "superlativo" is not the English superlative (-est), but the forms ending in -ísimo. That form is usually expressed in English with SO: Marcos es altísimo Mark is so tall
Page 2- Equality- Inferiority- Superiority and Superlative forms - Short words - Long words - 2-syllable words- Pronouns with comparatives- Superlative sentences- Grading - Irregular forms COMPARISON OF EQUALITYAffirmative: AS - AS COMPARISON OF INFERIORITY LESS - THAN I’m less fat than last summer The film was less interesting than what I expected COMPARISON OF SUPERIORITY AND SUPERLATIVE When comparing two things we use the comparative: John is taller than Mark When comparing more than two things, we use the superlative: John is the tallest in his family short words (1 syllable): Comparatives add -ER and superlatives add -EST old older oldest fast faster fastestWords ending in -e drop it late later latest shy shier shiest Words ending in one single syllable followed by one single consonant, double the final consonant when the vowel is stressed: -1V+1C --> -CC fat fatter fattest slim slimmer slimmest long words (3 or more syllables): They use MORE for the comparative and THE MOST for the superlative. intelligent more intelligent the most intelligent 2-syllable words: They can use both forms, but we prefer More/the Most handsome more handsome the most handsome easy easier the easiest quickly more quickly the most quickly If you find the two-syllable words confusing, it is usually safe to say that when in doubt, you can always use more/most. She's older than me (the most common construction in informal English) She's older than I am (the most common in formal English) She's older than I (very formal and rarely used, so you can forget about it) Don't forget to use the article with superlatives: the Tommy is the tallest person I know When comparing with a group, use the preposition IN (rarely "of") That's the highest building in the world You have the nicest room in the hotel The boss is the most important person in the company I'm the youngest in my family But we can use the preposition OF before plurals and time expresions He’s the biggest one of the boys Kevin is the most handsome of them This is the best day of my life July is usually the hottest month of the year - my friend is very tall --> my friend is much taller than me - my friend is a bit tall --> my friend is a bit taller than me - my friend is very very very tall --> my friend is by far the tallest - My friend is much less tall than me - my friend is by far the tallest in class (much much taller than the rest) - my friend is much more intelligent than John - my girl-friend is by far the most wonderful girl in the world To express that the quality is increasing, you use more and more - It's getting darker and darker
good/well better best bad/badly worse worst far further/farther furthest/farthest SUMMARY (examples) = Jim is as tall as Jack ≠ Jim is not so tall as Jack - Jim is less tall than Jack + Jim is taller than Jack Jim is more intelligent than Jack ++ Jim is the tallest in my class Jim is the most intelligent Note for speakers of Spanish (and Italian, Portuguese, etc.): What you call "superlativo" is not the English superlative (-est), but the forms ending in -ísimo. That form is usually expressed in English with SO: Marcos es altísimo Mark is so tall Page 3- Equality- Inferiority- Superiority and Superlative forms - Short words - Long words - 2-syllable words- Pronouns with comparatives- Superlative sentences- Grading - Irregular forms COMPARISON OF EQUALITYAffirmative: AS - AS COMPARISON OF INFERIORITY LESS - THAN I’m less fat than last summer The film was less interesting than what I expected COMPARISON OF SUPERIORITY AND SUPERLATIVE When comparing two things we use the comparative: John is taller than Mark When comparing more than two things, we use the superlative: John is the tallest in his family short words (1 syllable): Comparatives add -ER and superlatives add -EST old older oldest fast faster fastestWords ending in -e drop it late later latest shy shier shiest Words ending in one single syllable followed by one single consonant, double the final consonant when the vowel is stressed: -1V+1C --> -CC fat fatter fattest slim slimmer slimmest long words (3 or more syllables): They use MORE for the comparative and THE MOST for the superlative. intelligent more intelligent the most intelligent 2-syllable words: They can use both forms, but we prefer More/the Most handsome more handsome the most handsome easy easier the easiest quickly more quickly the most quickly If you find the two-syllable words confusing, it is usually safe to say that when in doubt, you can always use more/most. She's older than me (the most common construction in informal English) She's older than I am (the most common in formal English) She's older than I (very formal and rarely used, so you can forget about it) Don't forget to use the article with superlatives: the Tommy is the tallest person I know When comparing with a group, use the preposition IN (rarely "of") That's the highest building in the world You have the nicest room in the hotel The boss is the most important person in the company I'm the youngest in my family But we can use the preposition OF before plurals and time expresions He’s the biggest one of the boys Kevin is the most handsome of them This is the best day of my life July is usually the hottest month of the year - my friend is very tall --> my friend is much taller than me - my friend is a bit tall --> my friend is a bit taller than me - my friend is very very very tall --> my friend is by far the tallest - My friend is much less tall than me - my friend is by far the tallest in class (much much taller than the rest) - my friend is much more intelligent than John - my girl-friend is by far the most wonderful girl in the world To express that the quality is increasing, you use more and more - It's getting darker and darker
good/well better best bad/badly worse worst far further/farther furthest/farthest SUMMARY (examples) = Jim is as tall as Jack ≠ Jim is not so tall as Jack - Jim is less tall than Jack + Jim is taller than Jack Jim is more intelligent than Jack ++ Jim is the tallest in my class Jim is the most intelligent Note for speakers of Spanish (and Italian, Portuguese, etc.): What you call "superlativo" is not the English superlative (-est), but the forms ending in -ísimo. That form is usually expressed in English with SO: Marcos es altísimo Mark is so tall |