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(3) He can present evidence that he reported or attempted to report his delay to his commander. (4) Through extenuating circumstances, he missed his transportation and is delayed through no fault of his own and voluntarily reports his status to proper authority.
b. Checking Passes. Another restriction which applies to air policemen assigned to off-base patrols concerns the widespread public pass checking of military personnel in uniform. Indiscriminate checking of passes arouses resentment and ill feeling, and it usually accomplishes no useful purpose. Air policemen should not check a person's pass unless his conduct or appearance requires correction or arouses suspicion. c. Entering Public Establishments. Another restriction dictates that patrolmen should not regularly enter public establishments unless it is necessary to observe the conduct of military personnel, to put down a disorder, or to act at the request of the management of the establishment. The frequent appearance of air policemen in public establishments could cause resentment among the civilian population; therefore, only places specifically designated for patrol checks, such as off-limits establishments, should be regularly visited during a patrol tour.
88. Restrictions. There are certain restrictions placed upon air policemen assigned to off-base patrols. Air policemen must acquaint themselves with the restrictions imposed upon them with regard to assisting civil authorities, checking passes, and entering public establishments. a. Assisting Civil Authorities. Air policemen are encouraged to cooperate with civilian police to insure mutual assistance and exchange of information. Patrolmen may accompany civilian police to apprehend military offenders and to investigate crimes incident to such apprehensions. Also, air policemen may assist civilian police at special functions or events attended by a large number of military personnel, but they will not direct, order, or otherwise exercise authority over civilians at such events. In cooperating with civilian police, there are definite limitations placed on the actions of air policemen; the Posse Comitatus Act prohibits them from enforcing civil law. To avoid possible violations of this act, air policemen are not permitted to ride with civilian police in civilan patrol cars on regular patrol routes. In addition, air police do not allow themselves to be deputized or otherwise appointed to any position authorizing them to act as civil law enforcement officers, and they do not take any action to enforce or to assist in the enforcement of civil law. While on patrol duty, if an air policeman suspects that a person in civilian clothes is in the military service and is a deserter, is absent without leave, or that the person should be apprehended for any valid reason, he should have a civilian policeman check the person's identity. For an air policeman to apprehend a civilian in the mistaken belief that he is a deserter could lead to charges of assault, false arrest, or false imprisonment which would have an adverse effect on good public relations.
89. Armed Forces Police Detachments. In locations frequented by personnel of more than one service in sufficient numbers to necessitate off-base service police patrols, commanders concerned consider the practicability of establishing Armed Forces police detachments. By employing such joint forces, duplication of service police efforts are avoided and maximum joint use is made of military personnel, facilities, vehicles, and equipment. A commissioned officer, usually provided by the service having the predominant interest in the area, commands the detachment and it is his responsibility to insure that the objectives of the Armed Forces police detachment are achieved. The objectives are: a. To assist in accomplishing the mission of the Armed Forces. b. To assist military personnel and their dependents. c. To reduce the incidence of offenses committed by military personnel. d. To enforce the Uniform Code of Military Justice and other pertinent regulations, directives, and orders among persons subject to the Code. e. To maintain operational liaison with civil law enforcement agencies.
f. To inform Armed Forces Disciplinary Control Boards of undesirable practices or conditions that adversely affect the health, morals, or welfare of military personnel.
90. Objectives. The primary objectives of a train patrol is to maintain discipline, enforce compliance with pertinent Federal laws and regulations, and enforce compliance with such State or municipal laws as may be related to maintenance of orderly conduct by members of the Armed Forces while traveling on public carriers or while using transportation terminals. Other objectives of . train patrols include the apprehension of deserters and those members of the Armed Forces who are absent without leave. To accomplish these objectives, air policemen assigned to train patrols assist representatives of railroads and other public carriers in preventing and correcting incidents of misconduct by Armed Forces personnel on public carriers or in terminals. Such assistance is given in time of mobilization and when : a. The conduct of Armed Forces personnel on trains, or in terminals, indicates the need for military police, shore patrols, or air police. b. The number of Armed Forces personnel traveling on trains or congregating in public carrier terminals produces a serious misconduct potential. c. A request for assistance is received from representatives of public carriers designated as liaison officers and a survey indicates justification therefor.
a. Detaining Persons AWOL. An important duty of air policemen assigned to train patrols is that of detaining service personnel who do not possess proper orders until their status can be determined. When a serviceman is absent without leave but has transportation and is traveling toward his proper station, a provisional pass is issued requiring him to continue to that station. Personnel absent without leave who are not returning to their proper station are apprehended regardless of the number of days they have been absent. Another duty of air policemen is to control the use of intoxicants by service personnel who are traveling on public carriers. b. Controlling the Use of Intoxicants. Service personnel who are obviously intoxicated are not allowed to board public carriers. Personnel observed to be drunk during the journey are, if their conduct requires such action, apprehended immediately and turned over to the proper authorities as soon as practicable. Members of the Armed Forces are permitted the moderate use of intoxicants in the dining car or club car of the public carrier when State and municipal laws permit consumption of intoxicants. In any other place on the public carrier, liquor openly in the possession of military personnel is taken and retained as evidence. Liquor contained in luggage, packages, or sacks but not being consumed is not considered as being in open possession. c. Maintaining Order. Perhaps the most important duty of air policemen on train patrols is maintaining order and preventing misconduct by members of the Armed Forces. Air police assist service personnel traveling in groups and maintain order when the person in charge of the group fails to do so. However, the authority of the person in charge of the group must be respected. All violations committed by members of such groups are called to the attention of the person in charge as well as to the attention of the individual offender. If the person in charge of the group or the individual offender fails to cooperate with air policemen, an apprehension might become necessary. d. Apprehending Offenders. In any instance where an enlisted man fails to correct
91. Duties. The duties which air policemen assigned to train patrol must be capable of accomplishing include detaining military persons who are AWOL or who are considered deserters, controlling the use of intoxicants, maintaining order, apprehending offenders, and reporting offenses. In carrying out these duties, air policemen must remember that the restrictions imposed by the Posse Comitatus Act also apply to train patrolmen and that they must conduct themselves accordingly.
his improper behavior after being warned, air policemen should obtain the offender's name, grade, serial number, organization, and station. This information is verified by examining the offender's pass, leave papers, or travel orders. The offender is then apprehended and turned over to the service police at the next railroad terminal or to the nearest Air Force prisoner receiving station. In all cases whicre members of the Armed Forces are put off the train short of their destination, arrangements are made through the conductor for later use of the unused portion of their tickets. If the conduct of a servicewoman offender is such that apprehension is necessary, she is placed in the custody of a woman of the Armed Forces, preferably of her own service. Custody of the offender is retained until she can be turned over to the service police at a station accessible to a woman's service unit. Under no circumstances are air policemen authorized to con
fine a woman member of the Armed Forces in a compartment or baggage car. e. Reporting Offenses. In the course of an air policeman's duties on train patrol, he makes out routine trip reports and incident reports, and issues provisional passes. In addition, there are times when he must make special reports covering such instances as: (1) Damage to railroad property by service personnel. (2) Serious injury or illness of service personnel. (3) Death of any member of the Armed Forces on trains or in stations. (4) Transportation deficiencies. (6) Illegal sale of liquor or narcotics to service personnel. (7) Failure of railroad personnel to cooperate. (8) Conditions causing misconduct.
92. Vehicle. The registration of privately owned vehicles which are operated on Air Force installations is the responsibility of the security and law enforcement officer; these responsibilities are carried out by the air police. All privately owned vehicles which are operated on any street, road, or other thoroughfare on an Air Force installation must display either a temporary registration certificate or a permanent registration decal. Visitors may be required to display a visitor's automobile permit. The registration of private vehicles which are kept on the base, or which regularly use the base, is essential and well covered by regulations and policy. A good vehicle registration system, with appropriate records maintenance, will provide these benefits: (1) Insure rapid and positive identification of vehicles and persons who have responsibility for them. (2) Protect the rights and interests of Air Force personnel, in regard to possible theft of automobiles or their unauthorized use, and reasonable protection against innocently purchasing unlawfully transferred vehicles. (3) Provide essential information to the security and law enforcement officer in the followup of complaints relating to the use of automobiles (traffic or criminal cases), such as hit-and-run, reckless driving, or others.
(4) Provide such useful administrative information as the number, type, and distribution of vehicles using the base; police personnel needs; and needs for parking space. (5) Insure that military and civilian personnel who have driving and parking privileges on the installation have at least the minimum insurance in force with an accredited insurer. a. Visitor's Automobile Permit. Visitor automobile permits may be issued to persons who desire to operate privately owned vehicles on base for periods of time not exceeding 24 hours. Persons who intend to operate privately owned vehicles on base for periods in excess of 24 hours but not permanently are usually required to obtain temporary registration certificates from the installation vehicle registration section. b. Temporary Registration. Temporary registration of privately owned and operated vehicles is permitted when circumstances warrant. This type of registration is designed primarily to afford operators adequate time to to secure the necessary documents for permanent registration of vehicles. Temporary registration certificates are also used for registering the vehicles of operators who are assigned to the base on temporary duty for short periods of time and for vehicles owned and operated on base for short periods of time by contract maintenance personnel. Most other personnel who intend to
operate privately owned vehicles on base are required to obtain permanent registration. c. Permanent Registration. Military and civilian personnel permanently assigned or employed at Air Force installations are required to register privately owned vehicles with the installation vehicle registration section prior to regularly operating the vehicle on base. Other persons, such as retired military personnel and dependents whose sponsors are stationed elsewhere may register privately owned vehicles provided the requirements for registration are met. (1) REQUIREMENTS. Persons operating privately owned vehicles on Air Force installations must meet the following minimum requirements to obtain permanent registration. (a) Evidence of ownership is quired for permanent registration. Full compliance with state laws and installation policies on legality of ownership or transfer is required. Where doubt may arise, only temporary registration is made; necessary proof of ownership is then required within a reasonable time. If there is a question as to the identity of the vehicle, serial or motor numbers are determined by actual inspection. (b) Possession of a valid state driver's license is another mandatory requirement for obtaining permanent registration. Some states issue driver's licenses to persons in the Armed Forces with the date of expiration listed as indefinite; these are considered valid licenses. (c) Evidence of required minimum motor vehicle liability insurance with an accredited company on the vehicle to be registered is another of the minimum requirements for permanent registration. Bodily injury and property damage insurance in amounts which are not lower than the minimum limits prescribed in the financial or compulsory insurance laws of the State in which the vehicle is principally garaged and used, but not less than $5,000 to $10,000 bodily injury and $1,000 property damage is the minimum that may be required. Local conditions may warrant increased coverage. Individuals who purchase policies valid solely on base will be advised that failure to promptly settle claims for which they are re
sponsible reflects discredit upon the Air Force. (d) Evidence of a mandatory safety inspection of vehicles operated on Air Force installations is not required for registration except on installations located in states and communities where such inspections are required by civil statute. Routine safety inspections of privately owned vehicles is accomplished on the installation only in areas where civil facilities are not available and local conditions warrant a vehicle inspection program. Private motor vehicle owners are encouraged to participate in voluntary civil inspection programs such as the annual National Vehicle Safety Check. (2) AF FORM 1312, VEHICLE REGISTRATION. When the proper requirements for registration have been met, AF Form 1312 or the standard 80 line PCAM card will be used for vehicle registration. A sample AF Form 1312 is shown in figure 10–1. Notice that the remarks section of the form contains the name of the applicant's insurance company. AF Form 1312 is made out in triplicate so that sufficient copies are available for use at the registration section in a license plate file, a sequence of decal file, and an index file which may be filed alphabetically by name. Instruction for the use of the PCAM card is contained in AFM 171–14, Data Processing and Reporting - Personnel. Proper identification of the individual who requests permanent registration is required for completing the registration form. Accurate information concerning the individual's name, organization, residence, and mailing address as well as the status of the individual's driving license is also necessary for completing the form correctly. Base driving regulations should be made available to the operator at the time of his application for permanent registration. (3) DECALS. The issuance of decals or other of identifying registered vehicles follows the preparation of the registration form. Reflectorized decals, the specifications for which are contained in MIL-R-13689A, are issued to operators of permanently registered vehicles. Such decals are usually prominently displayed on the windshield or left front and right rear bump Page 3
Oldfield, George L., TSgt, AF 17269287 1320 1 Aug 61 Texas 1961 NAME AND GRADE BASE TAG NUMBER | INSURANCE EXPIRATION DATE VEHICLE INSPECTION DATE ORGANIZATION OFFICE PHONE HedhonSec, Lackland Military Training Center, Lackland AFB, Texas 3527 RESIDENCE HOME PHONE 615 East Petaluma Blvd., San Antonio 21, Texas WA 3-8809 MAKE AND YEAR MODEL SERIAL NUMBER MOTOR NUMBER VEHICLE Ford 1959 Sta Wg Green 12345678 12345678 VEHICLE REGISTRATION Texas 1961 HR 1234 STATE OPERATOR'S EXPIRATION DATE LICENSE Texas No. 246802 30 Sep 61 PUBLIC LIABILITY PROPERTY DAMAGE INSURANCE $5,000/$10,000 $5,000 X 1 Aug 61 YES REMARKS Fibb's Insurance Company Fort Noname, USA
ers of each automobile registered. Each command usually has individual and distinct decals for this purpose and each installation usually provides an additional decal to identify the base within the command where the vehicle is registered. A system of recalling identification media must be provided to insure positive return of the license tag or destruction of the decal when : (a) Personnel are transferred from the installation or terminate their employment thereon. (b) Driving license or privilege is suspended or terminated for any reason. (c) Insurance is allowed to lapse. (d) The registered vehicle changes owners or the need for using the vehicle on base ends for any reason. 93. Firearms Registration. AFR 125–22, Employment of Firearms, provides instructions on the registration of firearms. An effective firearms registration system will provide these benefits: (1) Insure rapid and positive identifica
tion of firearms and persons who have responsibility for them. (2) Protect the rights and interests of Air Force personnel, in regard to possible theft of firearms or their unauthorized use, and reasonable protection against innocently purchasing unlawfully obtained firearms. (3) Provide essential information to the security and law enforcement officer in the followup of complaints relating to the unauthorized use or storage of the firearms. a. Definition. A firearm is defined as all types of small arms from which a shot is discharged by an explosive. b. Policy. Personnel are permitted to bring privately owned firearms on an Air Force installation when authorized by the installation commander. Persons authorized to have possession of privately owned firearms must comply with all applicable Federal, State, and local laws, ordinances, and regulations governing the use, registration, carrying, or possession of such firearms. Policies regarding the possession and use of pri Page 4
not break up within a reasonable time. (4) APPREHENSION OF LEADERS. Individuals who stand out as leaders or others who try to incite the mob to unlawful action should be taken into custody. In effecting such apprehensions, air policemen used for this purpose should exercise care not to arouse the mob to further violence. The mob itself should not be harangued, bullied, bluffed, threatened, or dared. b. Techniques of Dispersal. The techniques employed are discussed in the following paragraphs: (1) Show OF FORCE. The mob is usually attacked in the direction in which the commander desires to drive it. It is imperative that the mob have clear avenues of escape. When the mob retreats, diminishing force is applied in proportion to the speed of retreat or the degree of disintegration. During the retreat, no more force is applied than is necessary. (2) USE OF RIOT CONTROL FORMATIONS. The use of riot control formations in a civil disturbance is contingent upon the nature of the emergency, the specific situation, and the personnel and equipment available. In dispersing rioters, however, there are two basic considerations: (1) force must be met with greater force; and (2) unnecessary damage and bloodshed must be avoided. Since efforts to contain or disperse a mob by encircling it may invite attack and result in loss of control, air policemen or other Air Force personnel may be deployed in compact units of sufficient strength to insure completion of their mission. In dispersing a crowd or unarmed mob, specific formations are used to provide greater control. These modified formations, which are termed riot control formations, are simple and flexible. The fundamental formations used in dispersing crowds and unarmed mobs are the wedge, diagonal, and the line. (a) The wedge formation, illustrated in figure 11-1a, is the normal offensive formation for breaking up, splitting, or striking into a crowd or mob. It is used for clearing an ordinary city street or for arresting individuals in a crowd. The flanks of the wedge may be strengthened by lateral support. (b) The diagonal formation illus
trated in figure 11-1b, is used for moving a crowd away from the side of a building, wall, or other object. It may also be used to turn the direction of a crowd, forcing it down side streets or into open areas. It can further be employed to extend one or both flanks of a wedge. (c) The line formation, illustrated in figure 11–1c, is used as a holding formation to deny an area to a crowd, such as blocking the entrance to a street. It may also be used to drive a crowd from a confined area, such as a courtyard. (d) Other effective formations may be obtained by doubling, extending, or combining the basic formations. The normal interval and distance between men in formations is one pace; however, this may be changed as required by the individual situation. Bayonets are fixed prior to assuming riot control formations; men not armed with the bayonet should not be placed in the line. (3) USE OF WATER. Streams of water from fire hoses may provide an effective means of dispersal, if sufficient hose and pressure outlets are available to insure the continued ability of the fire department to respond to emergency fire calls. (4) USE OF CHEMICALS. To encourage persons who may be inclined to disperse but who fear denunciation by mob leaders or mob retaliation, the mob may be blanketed in a cloud of chemical smoke. When it is apparent that participants in the front cannot retreat because of pressure from the rear, pressure on the front is retained while the rear of the mob is attacked with chemicals. (5) USE OF FIREPOWER. When small arms fire is required, military forces are instructed to aim low. In no circumstances should there be indiscriminate shooting into a group from which a rioter has fired. Blank cartridges should not be employed against the mob, and volleys are not to be fired over the heads of rioters. Marksmen are placed at vantage points where they have good fields of fire. They should be equipped with radios or other means of communication in order to be able to submit reports to and receive orders from the commander. Members of the military placed on roof tops and other vantage points primarily for observation should Page 5
training Group. The U.S. Disciplinary Barracks provides a retraining program to prepare prisoners for a successful return to civilian life.
104. Status of Prisoners. An understanding of prisoner status is important, because unsentenced prisoners cannot work on details with sentenced prisoners. Until a prisoner is sentenced he can only be required to perform useful work according to his grade, not hard labor. Prisoners are in either an unsentenced, sentenced, or casual status. a. Unsentenced. An unsentenced prisoner is either awaiting trial or awaiting approval of his sentence. b. Sentenced. Sentenced prisoners have had their sentences to confinement ordered into execution and are required to perform hard labor. c. Casual. A casual prisoner is confined temporarily while awaiting return to his home station.
are located in one area, one base may have a consolidated confinement facility, which receives prisoners from all bases in the area. A detention confinement facility is used to temporarily confine prisoners until transfer to a consolidated confinement facility. A few cells in air police headquarters can be used for this purpose, with the desk sergeant assuming custody and supervision of prisoners after normal duty hours. A normal confinement facility contains prisoners from a single base, plus prisoners from isolated Air Force stations, such as radar sites, in the area. Casual prisoners are held pending transfer to other installations. Whether a base confinement facility is detention, consolidated, or normal depends on local agreements on the confinement of prisoners. In some cases local agreements between the Army and the Air Force result in either Army prisoners being confined in Air Force confinement facilities or Air Force prisoners being confined in Army confinement facilities. Installation commanders are responsible for the administration and operation of confinement facilities and some of the duties are delegated in writing to the air police squadron commander. b. 3320th Retraining Group. The 3320th Retraining Group, located at Amarillo AFB, Texas, is a specialized confinement facility which provides for individual treatment of selected Air Force prisoners by specially qualified civilian and military personnel. A detailed discussion of the operation of the retraining group is contained in AFP 125– 2–1, USAF Prisoner Retraining Program. c. U.S. Disciplinary Barracks. The U.S. Disciplinary Barracks is a confinement facility for Army and Air Force prisoners serving sentences of over six months confinement. The U.S. Disciplinary Barracks, operated by the U.S. Army and supplemented by Air Force correction personnel, is located at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and receives Army and Air Force prisoners from installations all over the United States and overseas areas. Air Force prisoners confined in the U.S. Disciplinary Barracks may later be considered for transfer to the 3320th Re
105. Custody Classification. When a prisoner is confined he is placed in either the maximum or medium custody grade by the confinement officer. This custody classification is based on the seriousness of the offense and the escape risk involved. a. Maximum. A maximum custody prisoner is one whose escape would present a distinct threat to the safety of life, limb, or property and who requires special custodial controls and handling. In short, maximum custody prisoners may be dangerous. Maximum custody prisoners are the only custody grade under armed guard. b. Medium. Medium custody prisoners require continual unarmed supervision, but their escape would not threaten life, limb, or property. c. Minimum. Minimum custody prisoners are sufficiently stable, dependable, and trustworthy to require little or no custodial supervision. Many minimum custody prisoners work at their regular duty assignments while serving sentences to confinement. They are unguarded during normal duty hours, but may be supervised occasionally to see that they are performing their jobs satisfactorily.
106. Duties. Air policemen assigned to confinement facilities control and supervise prisoners by guarding them. The guarding may be done within the confinement facility, on work details, during athletic or recreation periods, or when moving between the confinement facility and the dining hall, hospital, courtroom, and places of appointment or employment. The responsibility of a guard is to maintain custody, maintain discipline, and report incidents. Prisoners must be kept in the guard's sight at all times. There can be no control or supervision if the prisoners cannot be seen. Most air policemen newly assigned to a confinement facility are either too strict or too lenient with prisoners. Achieving the happy medium, a firm but fair attitude toward prisoners, requires common sense, a natural aptitude for the work, and from six to twelve months practical experience. Technical correction functions are performed by personnel in the correction career field. Most of the guard assignments, either inside or outside a confinement facility, are described below, although special circumstances, such as prisoner under death sentence, require special instructions by the confinement officer. a. Inside Confinement Facility. Guard assignments are determined by the size of the facility, the number of prisoners confined, and the area to be guarded. Small facilities where prisoners are confined in one building
require only a few guards; large facilities composed of several buildings surrounded by a fence require more guards to effectively control the larger area. Normally, the confinement officer determines the number of guards required to maintain custody and to accomplish the workload. The following duties are typical inside a large confinement facility. (1) DORMITORY GUARD. When prisoners are housed in dormitories within a fenced facility area a dormitory guard makes frequent headcounts to assure that all prisoners are accounted for, supervises work details in dormitory areas, and maintains proper conduct among the prisoners. In addition, a dormitory guard confiscates and turns in to the correction supervisor any contraband (forbidden items) found during his tour of duty. Headcounts are also made periodically during the night shift and at the changing of the guard. (2) GATE GUARD. A gate guard controls all traffic and personnel entering the gate at a large confinement facility, insuring that no unauthorized personnel enter or leave the area. He also keeps an account of all tools and equipment checked through the gate with work details and makes sure that the tools and equipment are checked back in at the completion of the detail. All vehicles, packages, and containers are checked entering or leaving the facility. The gate guard keeps the gate keys in his possession at all times and does not allow persons to loiter in the
vicinity of the gate. He also maintains constant vigilance to prevent escapes, and never leaves his post without being properly relieved.
(3) COMPOUND GUARD. The compound is any open area within the fence. Prisoners are usually permitted to move freely around the compound during athletic or recreation periods. The compound guard maintains discipline, quells disturbances, reports all incidents, and requests assistance in an emergency.
b. Outside Confinement Facility. Prisoners are constantly leaving the confinement facility under guard for a variety of reasons during a normal duty day. Minimum custody prisoners report to their duty assignments without guard. Maximum custody prisoners normally do not leave the confinement facility except under armed guard for appointments that cannot be accomplished inside the confinement facility. Guards are primarily concerned with the unarmed supervision of medium custody prisoners outside the confinement facility. Listed below are the most common outside activities which require the use of air policemen to guard prisoners.
perience in commanding the execution of close order drill. (3) ATHLETICS. When prisoners use a base athletic field, guards are positioned to keep all prisoners in sight at all times. Special attention is paid to outfielders chasing long, fly balls, because sometimes it is easier to recover the ball than it is to recover the prisoner. When prisoners are spectators at athletic events, they are tightly grouped in one section. This facilitates the control of prisoners. (4) DINING HALL. Prisoners are marched to and from dining halls, and the schedule is so arranged that prisoners eat either before or after duty airmen. This eliminates confusion and simplifies control procedures. Discipline is maintained at all times, because a dining hall is an excellent location (from the prisoners' point of view) for a serious disturbance or riot. Normally, troublemakers are removed immediately. (5) APPOINTMENTS. The normal prisoner appointments are: sick call, courtroom, legal office, chaplain's office, finance, and any base activity concerned in a prisoner's transfer or discharge. When possible, appointments are made inside the confinement facility to minimize travel time and conserve manpower. Taking a prisoner to an appointment involves one simple rule: neither the prisoner nor the guard is permitted to talk to any person except in line of duty. Vehicles are used for appointments to save time. If a vehicle is not available, the prisoner marches at attention. The guard marches six to twelve paces behind the prisoner. (6) HOSPITAL. When prisoners are hospitalized, the hospital commander is responsible for their treatment and the confinement officer is responsible for their custody. If sufficient prisoners are hospitalized, a hospital prison ward is designated. The hospital guard is responsible for the discipline and custody of prisoners, the prevention of unauthorized persons entering or leaving the ward, and the control of contraband.
(1) WORK DETAILS. Prisoner employment normally involves unskilled labor where several prisoners can be supervised by one guard. It is obviously a waste of manpower to have one guard watch one prisoner do one job. Base maintenance details, such as emptying trash barrels into a truck, are normally given priority. Usually, five or six medium custody prisoners can be supervised by one guard if the detail allows him to keep them all in sight and fairly close together. Cleaning out drainage ditches, policing open areas, pulling weeds, unloading trucks, and shoveling snow are examples of unskilled labor details.
(2) DRILL. Parking lots can be utilized before and after duty hours to drill prisoners at small facilities which do not have an enclosed area. In drill, prisoners are tightly grouped so a few guards can control a large prisoner formation. This is an excellent opportunity for an air policeman to gain ex
107. Reporting Incidents. Only the confinement officer can initiate disciplinary action against a prisoner. Except for using necessary force to control a violent prisoner or prevent an escape, a guard cannot discipline a prisoner for acts of misconduct. Written reports are essential to keep the confinement officer informed of prisoner misbehavior. Normally, reports are made on AF Form 49, Incident Report, which was illustrated in chapter 8 of this manual. A report should be brief and to the point; a good report should answer the questions Who, Where, What, When, Why, and How. This gives the confinement officer a basis for making a decision. A copy of the report is placed in the prisoner's file.
with escorts from their organization. Normal escorting procedure is for two escorts to be assigned to a prisoner. The ranking escort is in charge of the transfer. The confinement officer selects the most expeditious type of transportation and carefully briefs the escorts on their duties and responsibilities. a. Uniform. Escorts do not wear the air police shield, other similar air police items, or a club at any time when escorting prisoners. Both the escorts and the prisoner are dressed in service uniforms. When escorting a maximum custody prisoner, the escorts are equipped with revolvers carried in holsters attached to a web belt. Their travel orders state their authorization to carry weapons.
108. Use of Weapons. Weapons (guns and clubs) are not used in the supervision of medium and minimum custody prisoners. Maximum custody prisoners are guarded with .38 caliber revolvers or 12 gauge riottype shotguns. Only experienced personnel are used to guard maximum custody prisoners outside a confinement facility. Normally, maximum custody prisoners, when inside the facility, are securely locked in individual cells. Weapons are not taken inside confinement facility enclosures. The following points should be carefully observed anytime the use of firearms is required: a. Weapons will not be fired except in self-defense or to prevent the escape of a maximum custody prisoner. b. Weapons should not be fired when the safety of others is endangered. c. Personnel firing weapons should try to disable, not to kill.
b. Custody. Escorts are responsible for the custody of the prisoner. Maximum custody prisoners are handcuffed with their hands in front, unless additional custody measures are ordered by the confinement officer. Medium custody prisoners are not handcuffed unless they become custody risks en route (if their conduct and attitude indicate they will attempt to escape). The escort in charge makes this decision. Maximum custody prisoners are thoroughly searched before leaving the confinement facility. One escort remains alert and keeps close watch on the prisoner at all times during the trip.
d. Persons authorized to carry weapons must be fully qualified in the use of such weapons.
c. Conduct and Appearance. Escorts are responsible for the conduct and appearance of the prisoner. Transfers are sometimes made on public carriers and a loud-mouthed or objectionable prisoner reflects great discredit on the Air Force and the escorts' ability to control him. In extreme cases, necessary force is used to control a prisoner. The prisoner remains in proper uniform at all times, unless he has sleeping accommodations on an overnight trip. d. Stopovers. Transfers are normally scheduled without stopovers. However, if a prisoner becomes sick or cannot be controlled he should get medical attention or be confined at the closest military confinement facility or civilian jail. Escorts obtain receipts for the prisoner and records from the proper
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In America where the stability of all departments of the Government rests upon the approval of the people, it is essential that the personnel of the Armed Forces conduct themselves in such a disciplined manner that the public shall maintain a high respect and confidence for the integrity and ability of the Department of Defense. The contribution of the air police assists materially in maintaining the good will of the public toward the Armed Forces. That this shall continue requires that the conduct and performance of duties of the air police be such as to merit the approval of all just men. Important trusts have been given to air police. The greatest of these is discharging the responsibility to protect Air Force installations and equipment from damage or compromise by enemies or potential enemies of the United States and the maintenance of military discipline. The public will retain confidence in the competency of the Air Force to fulfill this trust only so long as the air police exercise those functions which they discharge before the public with integrity, rectitude, and prudence. Therefore this code of ethics is adopted to augment the established standards and doctrines of the air police. No code of set rules can be framed which will specify exactly what the air policeman should do in each incident that confronts him; however, the following canons of ethics will provide him with a general guide to achieve meri
ARMED FORCES means all departments of the Department of Defense and the U.S. Coast Guard. AIR POLICE means all security and law enforcement officers, members of the air police, and all personnel of the Air Force performing police duties. SERVICE PERSONNEL means all members of the Department of Defense and the U.S. Coast Guard. SERVICEMAN means an individual member of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Coast Guard. 1. MANNER OF EXERCISING AUTHORITY When on duty, an air policeman is the visible representative of his government, the United States Air Force and the senior commander, as well as the immediate commander under whom he serves. It is his duty to assume the authority which has been given to him and to carry out this important trust impartially, fairly, firmly, and in such a manner that respect for air police will be maintained by all service personnel and the public. 2. MANNER OF FULFILLING MISSION The responsibility for enforcement of di6. ATTENTION TO DUTY
rectives dealing with the conduct of members of the Armed Forces is a function which frequently brings the air policeman into direct contact with other servicemen and the general public. In carrying out this mission the air policeman must deal with offenders against regulations in a quiet and dignified manner so that there will be no question of insult, disobedience, argument, or offense to the public peace. 3. PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPEARANCE
The reputation of the Armed Forces depends to a great extent on the appearance of service personnel either within a service installation or in a civilian community. An air policeman is duty-bound to maintain a neat appearance, to keep himself physically fit, and to be a model of military bearing and courtesy.
An air policeman should be mindful that his duty requires his full attention. Talking, not in line of duty, such as chatting with female employees of theaters, taverns, and other business establishments, detracts from proper performance of duties and should be conscientiously avoided. Under no circumstances should an air policeman drink intoxicants, including beer or wine, while on duty. When reporting for a tour of duty his faculties should not be affected by intoxicants nor should he have the odor of alcohol on his breath. Under exceptional circumstances, when requested by the proprietor, or in emergencies involving safety to life or the good of the community, air police may enter private establishments to quell disturbances or to take other appropriate action where service personnel are involved. At other times, it is prohibited and highly improper for an air policeman, unaccompanied by a civilian official who is authorized to make such entries, to enter a private establishment. No favoritism or discrimination should be shown in the amount of police supervision or attention given to various commercial establishments. An air policeman will carefully refrain from any practices which might be classed as inattention to duty.
4. ATTITUDE TOWARD THE SERVICEMAN
Air policemen must perform their duties in a friendly, helpful manner, impartially and justly. Unwarranted police supervision hurts morale and tends to cause friction with other service personnel. Harassing of servicemen, or indiscriminate inspection of passes and liberty cards, should be carefully avoided. It should be uppermost in the mind of a policeman that he will not interfere with the activities of servicemen unless their action endangers security, discredits the Armed Forces, or is harmful to welfare or health.
7. ATTITUDE TOWARD CURRYING FAVOR
5. ASSISTANCE TO FELLOW MEMBERS OF THE ARMED FORCES
An air policeman is duty-bound to render cheerful assistance to servicemen. In order to comply with this obligation, he must strive to keep himself informed concerning places of interest, amusement, and those of importance to the routine life of a normal individual. He must keep himself alert to go promptly to the aid of a serviceman who is injured or becomes ill. He should sacrifice his own time, if necessary, to prepare himself to be more helpful to other members of the Armed Forces.
An air policeman must not try to gain favor or popularity by easy going methods, overlooking delinquencies, or otherwise failing to enforce regulations. When a delinquency or security violation is observed, he should take proper corrective action, including apprehension when necessary. Once an air policeman has made an apprehension, he is without authority to release the offender; accordingly, he must deny an appeal to make such a release, regardless of the pleas, promises, or threats made by the offender or his companions.
8. NO AUTHORITY TO PUNISH OFFENDERS
An air policeman has no authority to punish an offender. When correcting, cautioning, or warning a serviceman for trivial infractions of laws and regulations, he must be careful that his action does not constitute an admonition or reprimand which are forms of punishment. A serviceman may be apprehended, arrested, or confined when warranted, but he may not be punished in any manner by an air policeman.
9. ANNOYANCE TO CIVILIANS
his duty to protect the prisoner from abuse by other persons whom the prisoner may curse or berate. The foregoing does not mean that force may not be used to apprehend a disorderly serviceman. In making an apprehension, an air policeman is justified in using such force as is necessary to secure and detain the offender, overcome his resistance, prevent his escape, and recapture him if he escapes, except in the case of misdemeanors where the force used must not be such that would cause a serious injury to the misdemeanant. It is a moral obligation of every air policeman never to use excessive force, wanton violence, or dangerous methods when making an apprehension. 12. DEALING WITH INTOXICATED PERSONNEL
Many servicemen wear civilian clothing on pass or liberty. When an offender in civilian clothing is suspected of being a serviceman, a civilian policeman should be located to investigate the status of the individual. It is better to allow a serviceman in civilian clothing to escape apprehension for a minor offense than to detain illegally or annoy a civilian.
Protective custody is the assumption by the air police of the responsibility for the safekeeping of a member of the Armed Forces who is in need of aid or assistance. Protective custody is different from apprehension in that there is no violation of civil or military law involved and no adverse report is made on the individual taken into custody. It is the duty of an air policeman to assume protective custody of a serviceman who is ill or injured, without funds to pay necessary expense, in danger of violence or injury, or about to bring discredit on the United States Armed Forces.
It is the duty of an air policeman to apprehend a member of the Armed Forces who is obviously intoxicated beyond the sense of self-control and mobility, and take action to deliver him to proper authority. In no case will he allow an obviously intoxicated member of the Armed Forces to continue in public view, even if companions agree to be responsible for his behavior. This action will avoid an imposition on a companion's pass or liberty time and will prevent the offender from becoming involved in more serious trouble. An air policeman should remember that an intoxicated person will normally lose all sense of discipline and may assault or try to fight the apprehending officer; however, under no circumstances should he exchange blows or accept a challenge to fight with a drunken serviceman. When necessary, a come-along hold or handcuffs can be applied in apprehending a drunken offender.
The authority of an air policeman to take custody of a serviceman and detain him for a violation of law or regulation is an important trust which must not be abused. It is the duty of the policeman to exercise this authority with judgment and tact and only when the offense or conduct of the serviceman is such that restraint is necessary. An air policeman may not use force or strike or mistreat an apprehended person merely because the prisoner is noisy, abusive, profane, or insulting. It is the responsibility of the air policeman to control himself during an apprehension so that he will not lose his temper or use unnecessary force. It is also
When a serviceman is apprehended, the air policeman making the apprehension should make a quick preliminary search to insure that the prisoner is not armed. In a preliminary search he should take any weapon that is found, but he may not remove any valuables or property from the person of the prisoner. When a more thorough search is made, it must be made in the presence of reliable witnesses, and an accurate record must be made of each article and the amount of money that is taken from the prisoner.
14. SAFEGUARDING PRISONERS' VALUABLES AND OTHER PROPERTY
concerning the difficulties of servicemen and others involved in violations of laws and regulations. Identities of informers and informants should never be disclosed except to proper authorities. Under no circumstances should an air policeman engage in gossip or idle talk about matters concerning delinquencies, apprehensions, or offenses.
18. REFUSAL OF REWARDS, GRATUITIES, AND ADVANTAGES
All air policemen are bound morally as well as by regulation to safeguard the valuables and other property of prisoners. To allow mishandling, loss, or theft of a prisoner's effects will bring the air police into disgrace and disrepute quicker than any other type of dereliction of duty. Accordingly, it is of utmost importance that each air policeman zealously guard the reputation of the air police for honesty in the handling of prisoners' effects.
15. TREATMENT OF PRISONERS
Besides the obligation imposed by laws and regulations, an air policeman is bound by a moral obligation to treat prisoners fairly and humanely and not allow them to be subjected to sarcasm, ridicule, degradation, humiliation, or any abusive practice. It is especially important that an air policeman does not permit or indulge in mistreatment of prisoners or discriminate against them because of race, color, or creed. When a prisoner is unruly or violates prisoner regulations, an air policeman must never allow himself to administer disciplinary action but must report the incident so that disciplinary measures can be taken by proper authority in accordance with regulations. An air policeman should never seek or accept gifts from a prisoner in return for special treatment, extra privileges, prohibited articles, or exemption from prison routine or duties.
Unfortunately, cartoonists, motion picture producers of comedies, and writers have often depicted civilian policemen helping themselves to the wares of the itinerant fruit peddler. This has led some of the public to accept the belief that the shield and uniform of the policeman entitle him to gratuities or special privileges. Some well-meaning proprietors of taverns, places of amusement, and food establishments, frequently attempt to win the favor of air policemen and obtain closer police supervision over their establishments by offering free drinks, food, or tickets to amusements. Some unscrupulous and conniving proprietors offer bribes or gratuities to air policemen with a view to obligating them to overlook undesirable conditions or practices which adversely affect the health or welfare of service patrons. It is a duty of the air policeman to preserve order among servicemen in civilian communities and to supervise their behavior, but this does not entitle him to any remuneration from the proprietors of establishments who may benefit from such service. It is improper for an air policeman to accept any advantage, gratuity, or reward for the performance of official duties. In order to avoid the offer of gratuities when off duty, air policemen should refrain from patronizing restaurants, night clubs, taverns, and places of amusement where his identity as a policeman is known and particularly in areas where he has been on patrol or other duty. He should not accept invitations to parties and social affairs that are sponsored by managers or owners of businesses which are patronized to a great extent by servicemen.
In addition to the dictates of common decency, an air policeman should refrain from the use of profanity, smut, and filth in his everyday conversation so that he will not acquire a habit of resorting to foul language in public when on duty.
Except in line of duty, an air policeman should treat with confidence all information
During the course of his duty, the air policeman must at times appear as a witness before courts-martial. As a representative of the United States Armed Forces, he must be impartial and accurate in giving his tesimony. Although an air policeman is usually called as a witness by the prosecution, he should not withhold facts or suppress evidence that is favorable to the accused, nor should he allow his feelings or wishes as to the outcome of the case to influence his statements. It is the duty of a police witness to present to the court all facts known to him that pertain to the case in order that justice may be done.
of orders and to carry out any assigned duty without recourse to higher authority. DEPENDABILITY. That reliance and trustworthiness which an air policeman must develop so that higher authority need never question whether an assigned task will be properly completed. COMMON SENSE. That good judgment and prudence which is necessary for an air policeman to exercise when dealing with other servicemen in the enforcement of laws and regulations. TOLERANCE. That indulgence and patience which must be exhibited by an air policeman so that he will not lose his temper when insulting remarks or jibes are directed at him. COURAGE. That firmness of spirit which will enable an air policeman to meet the dangers that confront him without fear. LOYALTY. That sense of allegiance and faithfulness that an air policeman must have for his superiors and his country. HONESTY. That sense of fairness and straightforwardness in all things that an air policeman must observe at all times. FIDELITY. That careful and exact observance of duties so necessary for an air policeman to follow.
The appearance and behavior of an air policeman when off duty should be above reproach. He should never take advantage of his position as an air policeman to violate laws or regulations, nor should he be exempted from appropriate corrective action or arrest if he does offend the rules of conduct. When on a non-duty status, it is forbidden and particularly reprehensible for an air policeman to pretend to be on official duties by wearing his shield or distinctive air police uniform accouterments in order to impress the public, escape arrest, or gain an advantage or privilege which is not due him. Association of air policemen with known or suspected racketeers, promiscuous women, and other persons of questionable character, invites temptation and reflects great discredit on air police as a group; therefore, it cannot be tolerated. During off-duty hours, he must deport himself in such manner that he will be able to perform effectively when on duty.
22. QUASHING DELINQUENCY REPORTS OR CHARGES
21. MENTAL AND MORAL CONSTITUTION
When an air policeman, particularly one in a responsible position, is introduced, it is common practice for the introducer to say: “Meet so and so, he is the security and law enforcement officer and is a good person to know.” The implication being that friends and acquaintances of policemen are immune from arrest and subsequent punishment. This general misconception of the duty of policemen is one that each air policeman should strive constantly to correct. The quashing, suppressing, or withholding of charges or information concerning alleged violations is the worst possible dereliction of duty that an air policeman can commit. Under no circumstances should he fail to report and forward to proper authorities all information known
Each air policeman will strive to acquire to the highest degree the following qualities in his mental and moral make-up: INITIATIVE. An aptitude and self-reliance that will enable an air policeman to act on his own responsibility in the absence Page 7
to him concerning an alleged violation of laws or regulations.
it because of temperament, lack of self-control, or any weakness of character, should ask to be relieved from police duties. A violation of these ethical rules is sufficient justification for the relief of the offender from police duties and, additionally, such action warranted by law.
An air policeman who fails to accept the Code, or who knows that he cannot abide by
The sentry relaying calls or signals will use the fastest means available whether it be voice, telephone, handie-talkie, or some other mechanical device.
5. I will quit my post only when properly relieved. If relief becomes necessary because of sickness or other reasons, the sentry will notify his superior by telephone or other means designated. If a sentry is not relieved at the expiration of his tour, he will notify his superior according to instructions and remain on duty until properly relieved.
You and all sentries are required to know the following 11 Security Instructions: 1. I will take charge of my post and protect personnel and all Government property in view. All persons, regardless of rank, must respect and obey sentries in the performance of their duties. A sentry reports immediately to the air police headquarters by telephone or other means every unusual or suspicious occurrence noted. The number, limits, and extent of his post constitute part of the Special Orders of a sentry. The limits of his post are so defined as to include every place where he can go and what he must do in the performance of his duties. 2. I will secure my post in an alert manner and observe everything within sight or hearing. A sentry in a restricted area will take advantage of cover and concealment when the success of his mission warrants it. 3. I will report all violations of orders I am instructed to enforce. A sentry apprehends anyone violating the orders he is instructed to enforce, notifies the air police headquarters, and holds the individual until his superior arrives. 4. I will relay all messages and distress signals from other posts to air police headquarters.
6. I will give the sentry who relieves me all instructions that I have received from the officers and noncommissioned officers of the air police. During his tour of duty, a sentry is subject only to the orders of his commander and officers and noncommissioned officers of the air police. A sentry on duty never gives up his weapons to anyone for inspection or other reasons.
7. I will not talk to anyone except in line of duty. When persons make inquiries that do not violate security and are in line of duty, the sentry will give courteous answers. When talking with any person, a sentry on foot armed with a shoulder weapon takes the
a position of port arms. 8. I will give the alarm and notify air police headquarters in case of fire, disorder, or any emergency. In case of fire or similar emergency the sentry also will maintain the security of his post and be alert for possible security violations during the emergency. 9. I will call the noncommissioned officer in charge in any case not covered by instructions.
necessary so that he can determine whether the person or the group should be passed or held and turned over to the air police NCO in charge. If the persons challenged are mounted in a vehicle, the sentry proceeds as if they were on foot. If necessary, to carry out his duty, he may have one or all of the passengers dismount, but all must be positively identified. The sentry permits only one of a group to approach him for the purpose of being recognized. The sentry must satisfy himself that those challenged are what they represent themselves to be and that they have the right to pass. If he is not satisfied, he calls, by the nearest telephone or by other means, the NCO in charge.
10. I will be especially watchful at night and challenge all persons on or near my post and allow no one to pass without proper authority. When a sentry sees any person on or near his post, he challenges sharply, HALT! WHO IS THERE? After challenging, he places himself in the best position from which to identify the persons. In selecting this position, the sentry may require the challenged person, or one of a group, to advance toward him, or to remain halted, or to advance to a particular place, or to face toward the light, or to take any position
11. I will apprehend and turn over to the air police officer, or NCO in charge, any person who is on my post or who attempts to cross my post without proper authority. He apprehends all suspicious-looking persons and all persons involved in a disorder occurring on or near his post. He turns over to his superior all persons apprehended.
1-1 2-1 4-6 1-7 1-7 8-18 6-1
Qualifications of All-purpose flag Alphabet, phonetic . Apparel, distinctive Appearance, standards of Appearing as a witness Apprehending, authority for ApprehensionDefinition of Procedure Armed Forces Identification cards Police detachments Arrest Authority for Citizens' right to Definition of Procedure.Status Article 31, UCMJ . Artificial respiration, mouth-to-mouth Assignment Of patrols. Traffic Assistance To civil agencies during disasters . To civil authorities Authority For apprehending . For search Symbol of To confine Automobile permit, visitor's
Accidents Aircraft and missile . Traffic Act, Posse Comitatus . Administrative personnel Admission, definition of AF Form49, Incident Report . 52, Evidential or Acquired Property Record 53, Air Police Desk Blotter . 1311, USAF Traffic Ticket . 1312, Vehicle Registration 1314, Firearms Registration 1315, Motor Vehicle Accident Investigation Report Aircraft and missile accidents Air Force Ceremonial flag Flag Organizational flag Air police Career field Club Code of Ethics for, Attachment 1. Mission Organization Security Instructions , for Attach-ment 2 Shield . Uniform Air police duties Inside confinement facility . Outside confinement facility Air policeman Conduct of ..
6-11 5-6 6-11 6-13 6–13 8-1 3–6
Communications equipment Handie-talkie Mobile two-way Portable man-pack Complainant Definition of Interviewing of Complete search Conduct Of an air policeman . . Of witness Conducting The interrogation The interview . Definition of . Facilities Order, DD Form 497 Policy. Control Of bleeding Points, traffic Riot Convoys, traffic Correction Mission Policy. Court, testifying in Courts-martial Definition of . Types of Credentials, identification Custody Chain of Classification Definition of . Transfer of . Maximum Medium Minimum
Call signs, radiotelephone . Camera Policy Procedure. Cap, service Career Field, air police . Progression Ceremonial Flag Flag, Air Force . Ceremonies Other Types of Identification Card, SF 138 Identification credentials . Vehicle Marker, SF 139 . Civil disturbance Definition of Forms of Classification, custody Club, air police Code Duress Attachment 1. 10-Series Cold weather gear Color guard Composition of .. Formation and movements Combat boots Comealongs Commissions, opportunities for Communications Radiotelephone Telephone .
Page 8
Of air police at nuclear incidents . . 11-2 11-4 11-2 8-3 9-13 9-19
Empty truck method of escort. Entering public establishments. Equipment, leather Escort of public funds . Escorting prisoners EvidenceCircumstantial Disposition of . DocumentaryMarking of Not admissible Obtaining of Preservation of . Real Recording of Storing of Testimonial Types of . Evidential or Acquired Property Record, AF Form 52 . .
Confinement 6-13 Courts-martial 5–5 Custody. 6–1 Disasters 11-1 Evidence 7–6 Firearms 10-3 Incident. 8–4 Interrogation 8-16 Interview 8-9 Military jurisdiction. 5-1 Offense 8-4 Physical restraint 6-1 Principal 8-14 Restriction 6-11 Retraining 12-1 Search 7-1 Self-incrimination . 8-1 Shock . 3-5 Witness 8-14 DD Forms 2AF, Armed Forces Identification Card 1046 367, Prisoner's Release Order . 6-13 489, Non-Combatant's Certificate of Identity 10–7 497, Confinement Order . 6-13 528, Geneva Conventions Identifica- tion Card. 10–7 793, Rabies Vaccination Certificate. 10–5 1173, Uniformed Services Identifica- tion and Privilege Card . 10–6 Desk blotter . 9–16 Direct evidence 7–6 Directing traffic . 9-4 Disasters Assistance to civil agencies . 11-3 11-1 11-1 Fires 11-2 11-1 2-1 7-8 Distinctive apparel 1-7 Disturbances, civil . 11-3 Documentary evidence 7-6 Duress code. 4-7 Duties And responsibilities of air policeman 1-3 11-1 11–2
7-6 7-6 7-6 7-8 7-6 7-6 8-3 8-3 7-6 7-6 7-6 7-7 7-6 7-6Page 9
S. BOCUMENT PFCENED JAN 2 1963 Page 10
S. BOCUMENT PFCENED JAN 2 1963 Page 11
AIR FORCE MANUAL NUMBER 125-3
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE Washington, 31 October 1962
This manual provides authoritative instructions, procedures, and techniques to further the Page 12
Recommendations for the improvement of this manual should be forwarded through channels to Headquarters Air Training Command, Randolph Air Force Base, Texas. Page 13
dealing with other servicemen; emotional stability — the strength and will to control emotions under stress and pressure; and initiative the industriousness with which each assignment is performed are some of the attributes which every air policeman should possess. Of special significance are integrity of character and a willingness to accept responsibility. These are prime requisites for personnel who have been given the authority to enforce laws and regulations and who are responsible for protecting Air Force installations. Integrity of character means a fine sense of ethics, justice, and rightness with readiness to apply it to the air policeman's own conduct. It includes trustworthiness and dependability in fulfilling any assigned task. A willingness to accept responsibility assures prompt action and decisiveness in any assigned duty. Strict adherence to the Creed of an Air Policeman and the Code of Ethics insures proper development of these qualities. 2. Conduct. An air policeman makes his greatest contribution to accomplishment of the Air Force mission by living up to the Code of Ethics for Air Police. The Code, which appears in this manual as Attachment 1, is designed as a guide for air police to assist them in performing their duties in the most efficient manner possible. Because of the specific requirements of the Code, an air policeman who fails to accept it, or who cannot abide by it because of temperament, lack of self-control, or weakness of character, should ask to be relieved from police duties. A violation of the ethical rules of the Code is sufficient justification for the relief from air police duties. In addition, such punitive action as is appropriate under existing regulation will be taken. 3. Duties and Responsibilities. The duties and responsibilities of an air policeman are described in general terms in the Air Force Specialty (AFS) contained in AFM 35–1, Airman Classification Manual. Although an air policeman has an AFS, his specific assignment in an organization is ordinarily by position. The basic difference between a position and an AFS is that the position is a specific grouping of duties, responsibilities,
and tasks which comprise the assignment of one person; whereas an AFS is a broad grouping of duties and responsibilities appropriate to various positions of the AFS. A skilled air policeman will usually possess the necessary knowledge and qualifications to perform in all positions of the AFS; however, rarely will he be required to perform all of the duties and assume all of the responsibilities of all positions within the AFS at the same time. The positions to which an air policeman may be assigned are in the areas of security, law enforcement, and corrections. One of the assignments which every air policeman may expect early in his career is that of a security guard. In view of the importance of the security mission, air police must prepare for their role as the first line of defense against sabotage. Air police are vital to the overall security effort, and the success of this effort is contingent to a great degree upon their effectiveness. To achieve the effectiveness necessary for satisfactory performance, personnel assigned security duty must understand the purpose of the duty assignment, the importance of it, and the necessity for strict compliance with appropriate orders. Knowledge of duties and responsibilities is absolutely essential. The Security Instructions for Air Police, included in this manual as Attachment 2, not only contain the specific tasks that a security guard performs, but describe how he will perform them. These instructions supplement that portion of the duties and responsibilities section of the Air Policeman Air Force Specialty pertaining to internal security. Every air policeman who is assigned security duty must not only know the instructions but must carry out his security duties in accordance with them.
to the air police career field is assured an equal opportunity for advancement. The steps upward are established and the requirements for each level are clearly defined. From the bottom to the top of the career ladder, skill levels and corresponding grade spreads are indicated which permit progression within the career field. Although proficiency levels are established and requirements and qualifications are plainly stated, progression does not occur automatically. In the final analysis, advancement in air police work depends primarily upon the skill and proficiency of the individual air policeman. a. Proficiency Levels. A skill or proficiency level is the level of an Air Force Specialty which indicates the degree of qualification. There are five levels of proficiency in the air police career field: unskilled, semiskilled, skilled, advanced, and superintendent. (1) UNSKILLED. The starting point in the air police career field is the unskilled level. This level is used to identify those airmen selected for air police duty who have had no training or experience in air police work. Airmen at this level are sent to a basic air police school for formal training or they are assigned to an air police unit for on-the-job training to the next higher skill level. During this period of training the airman acquires the knowledge necessary to perform air police functions. He may also gain experience, under close supervision, in performing basic air police tasks. (2) SEMISKILLED. The immediate objective of the trainee or air police helper is the semiskilled level. Successful completion of formal air police training or on-the-job training for the 3-level qualifies the airman for award of this level. The duties and tasks which the semiskilled air policeman performs are identical to those of the skilled air policeman. The principal difference between the two levels is in the degree of proficiency. A semiskilled air policeman is considered partially qualified; he lacks experience in performing air police functions; and he is more closely supervised than a skilled air police
his specialty description. The skilled air policeman's duties not only include the normal functions of security, law enforcement, and corrections but also instruction and supervision of other air policemen in the performance of their duties. (4) ADVANCED. When an air policeman attains the skilled level of proficiency, his next goal is the advanced level or supervisor specialty. In the air police field there are two supervisory specialties established: air police and correction. The skilled air policeman may remain in the air police subdivision and train toward the advanced level for air police supervisor. However, he may elect to train into the correction subdivision and continue his progression through the correction specialist specialty to the correction supervisor. Predominant duties at the advanced level are of a supervisory nature. Advancement to this level is accomplished through onthe-job training. (5) SUPERINTENDENT. The highest level in the airman air police career field is the superintendent level. Progression is from the air police supervisor or correction supervisor. To be eligible for the award of this level an air policeman must satisfy the requirements listed in AFM 35–1. b. Opportunities for Commission. Air policemen, as well as other airmen, may apply for enrollment in Air Force schools which lead to a commission in the Air Force.
5. Training. There are a number of training opportunities open to the air policeman. Training in the air police squadron, as in most Air Force organizations, is a continuing process. It is part of the primary mission. The effectiveness of it has a direct and serious influence on the accomplishment of the mission of the unit. Training is a process of developing skills, knowledges, and attitudes. Air police training is of two general types : individual and unit. Individual training is a means by which an airman acquires the knowledge necessary to perform his assigned duties and tasks. It is also the medium by which his skill and proficiency in performing those duties and tasks is increased. Unit training, on the other hand, is concerned with overall unit performance. It is that type of
(3) SKILLED. A skilled air policeman is fully qualified to perform the duties and tasks and assume the responsibilities described in
training designed to increase the efficiency of the unit in performing its assigned missions. a. Individual. Individual training is concerned with developing within the air policeman the know-how essential for accomplishing his assigned duties. It is also concerned with developing skills, knowledges, and attitudes which will enable an air policeman to perform all duties called for in his Air Force Specialty description. And further, individual training is designed to equip him to fulfill the general military responsibilities common to every noncommissioned officer and airman. Individual training is provided through formal training and on-the-job training. Two important factors must be considered in training an individual: one, the knowledge and skill necessary; two, the degree of proficiency required. These requirements are met through the use of Job Training Standards. Job Training Standards are Department of Air Force publications which describe an Air Force Specialty in terms of tasks and knowledges which airmen in that specialty are required to perform or to know on the job. They indicate the extent to which personnel should be trained on each knowledge and task in order to qualify for upgrading to a specified skill level; and, the extent to which Air Training Command airman courses provide training on each of the listed knowledges and tasks. (1) FORMAL TRAINING. Formal training is that training conducted in a formal course administered by a military school. The basic air police course is a formal course conducted by Air Training Command which is designed to train an airman toward the skilled level of the Air Policeman AFS. (2) ON-THE-JOB TRAINING. On-the-job training has become, through common usage, a term generally applied to any program of employee or apprentice training. In the Air Force it has a specialized meaning. It is defined as a planned training program designed to qualify an airman to perform in an Air Force Specialty while working in a duty and assignment of that specialty. b. Unit Training. Unit training is actually a continuation of all previous air police training. Its primary purpose is to improve the efficiency of the air police squadron in per
6. Relationship Between Mission and Organization. The basic unit of the Air Force is the squadron. Each squadron is organized to perform a given mission; it is made up of personnel trained in the needed skills; and it is equipped to do its assigned job. The organizational structure of a squadron is determined primarily by its mission. In a military sense, a mission is any particular business, service, or duty assigned a person or organization with the object of contributing functionally to an overall objective. The air police mission includes the security of the combat capability of the Air Force; enforcement of law and order; and the confinement and retraining of Air Force prisoners. This mission is applicable in varying degrees to each Air Force installation. The degree of applicability depends upon such factors as the importance of the combat mission of the installation, its geographic location, and the specific requirements for security, law enforcement, and corrections. One example for an organizational structure of an air police squadron is illustrated in figure 1-2. This organization is designed to provide personnel to perform security, law enforcement, and correction functions required at an Air Force installation. The structure is extremely flexible and may be adapted to any situation. Generally, each Air Force installation will have a requirement for security, law enforcement, and correction. Accomplishment of these functions requires organization. Variations in the basic structure may be necessary. Therefore, Page 14
shirt when worn as an outer garment. It will be placed in the same relative position when worn on the outside of any authorized outer garment. The correct method for wearing the shield is shown in figures 1-4 and 1-5. (2) PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY. Each individual is personally responsible for the proper use and care of the shield issued to him while it is in his custody. The shield is to be worn only while actually performing air police duty or while directly en route between the place of duty and the wearer's quarters. The use or possession of the air police shield, except as prescribed, is unlawful and makes the offender liable to punitive action. (3) CONTROL. Air police shields are issued upon approval of the security and law enforcement officer or air police commander, who also obtains and controls them. The issuing officer is required to keep a permanent log of the disposition of each shield received. The log will include the serial number of the shield; name, service number, and signature of the person to whom it is issued; and the date of issue. Shields will be accounted for at the beginning of each tour of duty. The shield will be surrendered when the holder is relieved from police duty or transferred from the installation. b. Leather Equipment. Black leather equipment will be worn with the air police service uniform when the air policeman is armed with the air police club and/or revolver. When armed with the air police club, the air policeman will wear the black leather belt and shoulder strap and the black leather club carrier. When armed with the revolver, he will wear the black leather belt and shoulder strap and black leather holster. When off duty an air policeman wears none of the equipment normally associated with weapons. c. Combat Boots. Combat boots are worn as part of the air police service and field uniforms. They are black, 10 inches in height, full-laced, cowhide leather, with plain-capped toes. d. Headgear. The service cap, or the sun helmet when authorized, is worn with the air police service uniform. The service cap is
Figure 1-3. Air Police Shield
organizations are to be worn only when performing the special duties for which the organization was established. Items authorized for wear by air police are designated either as required or optional. Major air commands will prescribe the items of distinctive apparel which will be worn by air policemen assigned to their command. Distinctive items include the air police shield, black combat boots, black leather equipment, headgear, white cap cover, scarves, white boot laces, white cotton gloves, and issue whistle. a. Air Police Shield. The Air Police Shield is an identification issued to security and law enforcement officers and air police personnel for use in the performance of their official duty. (1) IDENTIFICATION. The Air Police Shield is illustrated in figure 1-3. The shield is worn centered below the flap of the left breast pocket of the service coat, jacket, or Page 15
(e) Use and display of flags by Air Force activities in foreign territories will be as directed by the office of the United States Air Attache or, in the absence of such an office, the senior Air Force officer on duty in the foreign country concerned.
occasions of ceremony in which two or more squadrons participate and represent a group, wing, air division, numbered air force, or the Department of the Air Force. When carried on flagstaffs, in a ceremony, the position of flags in line from right to left are: the United States flag, the Air Force flag, and any individual flag or flags. Air Force flags will correspond to the size of the United States flag and will be carried on a similar staff: (a) The staff on which the ceremonial flag is carried measures 9 feet 6 inches in overall length; the length of the flagstaff includes the staff ornament, which is the spearhead design made of silver colored metal. (b) The staff for the organizational flag is 8 feet in length including the staff ornament. (3) RELATIVE ARRANGEMENTS. Air policemen who have the responsibility of handling the United States flag must be aware of the relative position that the United States flag holds when arranged with other flags. Some rules regarding these arrangements follow : (a) The United States flag, when arranged with the Air Force flag, will always be to the right of the Air Force flag. It will always be displayed at an equal or higher level than the Air Force flag. (b) When flags of two or more nations are displayed, they will be flown from separate staffs of the same height. International usage forbids the display of the flag of one nation above that of another nation in time of peace. (c) When the United States flag is displayed in a group with flags of States, cities, localities, or pennants of societies, the United States flag will be at the center and at the highest point of the group. When these flags are flown from the same halyard, the United States flag will always be at the peak. When flown from adjacent staffs, the United States flag will be hoisted first and lowered last. Another flag or pennant will not be placed above or, if on the same level, to the right of the United States flag. (d) In a procession with another flag or flags, the United States flag will be either on the marching right, that is, the flag's own
16. Air Force Flag. Air Force flags are used in ceremonies nearly as often as are United States flags. These flags are basically blue in color. They have distinctive center designs which consist of elements of the Air Force coat of arms and identifying scrolls. The flagstaffs and staff ornaments from which these flags are flown are of the same size and design as those used with the ceremonial and organizational United States flags. Air police who participate in ceremonies which require a color guard should know the types and uses of the Air Force flags which will be used. a. Types and Uses. There are two types of Air Force flags which directly affect the air police, the ceremonial and the organizational. The Air Force ceremonial flag is the larger of the two. (1) CEREMONIAL. Air Force ceremonial flags have an ultramarine blue field, are 4 feet 4 inches by 5 feet 6 inches in size, and are trimmed on three edges with a fringe of yellow silk which is 21/2 inches wide. These flags are used only when the Department of the Air Force is represented and on such other occasions as may be recommended by the Office of Information Services, Office, Secretary of the Air Force, Washington 25, D.C. The Air Force ceremonial flag often accompanies the United States ceremonial flag in ceremonies when carried by a color guard. (2) ORGANIZATIONAL. The Air Force organizational flags have an ultramarine blue field, are 3 feet by 4 feet in size, and are trimmed on three edges with a fringe of yellow silk which is 21/2 inches wide. The Air Force organizational flag is carried on all occasions where the ceremonial flag is not authorized to be carried. Air Force flags are never carried in ceremonies without the United States flag. Page 16
23. Other Ceremonies. There are a number of other ceremonies in which air police participate from time to time. Some of these include parade ceremonies, change of command ceremonies, dining in ceremonies, memorialization ceremonies, Armed Forces Day openhouse ceremonies, and military wedding ceremonies. Detailed instructions concerning these ceremonies may be obtained in other publications. The air policeman's primary responsibility with regard to these ceremonies is that of providing traffic control prior to, during, and after such ceremonies. Specific information regarding traffic control can be found in another chapter of this manual.
SECTION C - MANUAL OF ARMS
party normally takes its commands from the escort commander; however, the NCOIC commands the firing party when volleys are to be fired. When volleys are to be fired, the commands given by the NCOIC and the actions taken by members of the firing party follow: (1) Firing party, load, is the first command given. At the command load, each man in the firing party: (a) Faces half right and moves the right foot 12 inches to the right. (b) Raises the rifle and drops it into the left hand at the balance, the right hand grasps the small of the stock, and the muzzle is pointed in the air at a 45° angle. (c) Loads the rifle in the prescribed manner. (2) Ready, is the next command given. Upon hearing the command ready, each man remains in the position of load as shown in figure 2-6. (3) At the command aim, each man raises the rifle with both hands to a position of 45° from the horizontal. The rifle rests in the palm of the left hand, the butt is placed and held firmly against the shoulder. The left hand is well under the rifle, grasping it at or in front of the balance; the right hand grasps the small of the stock. The right elbow is at shoulder height. The right cheek is pressed firmly against the stock. The left eye is closed, the right eye looks over the rear sight. The rifle is unlocked. (4) At the command fire, each man squeezes the trigger of the rifle quickly. The position of the firing party at this time is illustrated in figure 2–7. (5) The rifle is then lowered to the position of load and is reloaded. (6) The NCOIC of the firing party then commands, aim and fire. (7) After the second volley is fired, the NCOIC again gives the commands aim and fire, and the third volley is fired. (8) After the third volley is fired, the firing party comes to the position of load and stays in this position until the conclusion of Taps. They are then returned to the command of the escort commander and are marched away along with other members of the escort squadron.
24. Revolver. The .38 caliber revolver is one of the air policeman's basic weapons. It is carried on patrols, worn by members of color guards and flag security details, and is an item of inspection at guard mount ceremonies. Regardless of when the revolver is carried, each air policeman is required to know how to handle the weapon. The manual of arms for the revolver is designed to familiarize each air policeman with the proper wearing of the revolver and the movements necessary for handling it correctly. a. Wearing the Revolver. The revolver is carried in a black leather holster. The authorized black leather belt or web belt should always be used for carrying the holster. The service belt (blue, web, waist) is not used to carry the revolver or other related equipment. Wearing the revolver correctly is just as important as handling it correctly. b. Revolver Movements. Revolver movements are not intended to be executed in exact unison in that, with few exceptions, no real necessity exists for their simultaneous execution. They are not planned as a drill to be executed in cadence with snap and precision; Page 17
the forefinger remains outside the trigger guard. (2) INSPECTION ARMS. The command for this movement is, inspection, arms. At the command arms, the bearer of the weapon assumes the position of raise revolver if not already in that position. The cylinder is opened by operating the thumb latch with the forefinger of the left hand and pushing the cylinder to the left with the right forefinger as illustrated in figure 2–9. The left hand is returned to the side. The revolver is raised to a point where the cylinder and chambers can be visually inspected and checked for clearance. After the inspection, the weapon is returned to the position of raise revolver. If the revolver is inspected in ranks and the inspector takes the revolver for inspection, the air policeman lowers his right arm and hand smartly to his side, as in the position of attention. When the inspector is ready to return the revolver, the air policeman raises his right arm and hand to the raise revolver position and accepts the weapon. With the
Figure 2-8 Raise Revolver
Figure 2–9 Inspection Arms
they are designed to provide safe and uniform methods of handling a revolver. When in ranks, armed with the revolver, the air policeman stands at the position of attention while executing the manual of arms. When carrying the revolver and given the command present, arms, the hand salute is rendered and is held until commanded to order,
(1) RAISE REVOLVER. The command for this movement is, raise, revolver. At the command revolver, the strap of the holster is unbuttoned with the right hand. The stock is grasped with the right hand and the back of the hand is turned outward. The revolver is drawn from the holster and the muzzle is pointed upward. The thumb and last three fingers of the right hand hold the stock. The forefinger is extended outside the trigger guard. The barrel of the revolver is inclined upward at an angle of 30° from the body. The right hand is held as high as, and approximately 6 inches in front of, the point of the right shoulder. Notice in figure 2–8 that
Figure 2--10. Left Hand at the Balance
revolver in hand, the air policeman takes the position of raise revolver and, without command, executes return revolver. (3) RETURN REVOLVER. The command for this movement is, return, revolver. At the command return, the cylinder is closed with the forefinger of the left hand. At the command revolver, the revolver is lowered to the holster, the muzzle is turned down, and the back of the hand is to the right. The strap of the holster is raised with the right thumb, the revolver is inserted into the holster, and the holster strap is buttoned with the right hand. The position of attention is then resumed.
25. Rifle. The rifle, U.S. caliber .30 M-1, is not one of the air policeman's basic weapons; however, it is used by members of the firing party at military funerals and on occasion by members of color guards. The manual of arms for the rifle is designed to familiarize each individual with the movements necessary for handling the rifle correctly and with
Step 2 Figure 2–13. Port Arms
the terms used to describe the manual of arms. a. Definition of Terms. The terms used in connection with the manual of arms for the rifle should be completely understood by each air policeman who intends to use the weapon. (1) BALANCE. The term at the balance, refers to a point on the rifle just forward of the trigger housing. The rifle is grasped at the balance with the thumb and fingers of the left hand; the sling is included in the grasp of the hand. The palm of the left hand is held so that it faces the body as shown in figure 2–10. The left wrist remains straight. Whenever a position is described as diagonally across the body, the rifle is held at the balance, the barrel is up, the butt is in front of the right hip, and the rifle barrel crosses a point opposite the junction of the neck and the left shoulder. This too, is shown in figure 2–10. (2) CADENCE. Cadence as referred to in the manual of arms means the rhythmical
motion and timing used in all movements with the rifle. The cadence for rifle movements is quick time; 120 movements per minute. Cadence is acquired gradually as handling the rifle is mastered. b. Rifle Movements. The manual of arms is normally executed at a halt. To prevent fatigue some movements, such as right shoulder to left shoulder or left shoulder to right shoulder, may be given when marching at attention. Any appropriate position of the manual of arms may be ordered from a previous position by giving the proper command. Because the air policeman will not normally use the rifle other than during military funeral ceremonies, the discussion of the commands and movements is limited to those movements and commands which are most often used prior to, during, and after such ceremonies. The air policemen assigned as members of the firing party at military funeral ceremonies will normally stand with the rifle at the position of order arms.
(1) ORDER ARMS. The command for this movement is, order, arms. At this command, the butt of the rifle is placed on the ground, the toe of the butt against the right shoe and on line with the bearer's toe. The rifle is held so that the barrel is in a vertical position. The rifle is held between the thumb and fingers of the right hand, the open part of the hand faces to the front, the hand and forearm remain behind the weapon as figure 2–11 shows. The left hand is held as it is in the position of attention. When it is necessary to hold the rifle for a long period of time, sling arms from order arms may be executed. (2) SLING ARMS. At order arms, the command for this movement is, sling, arms. This movement is not executed in cadence. To assume the position, the butt of the rifle is placed on the right hip and the rifle is cradled in the crook of the right arm. The sling is adjusted with both hands; the rifle is then slung in the most convenient manner
and the position shown in figure 2–12 is assumed. (3) UNSLING ARMS. Being at sling arms, the command for this movement is, unsling, arms. At the command arms, the rifle is brought to the position of order arms in the most convenient manner. Before other precision movements of the manual of arms may be executed, the sling must be readjusted. This is done at the command, adjust, slings. At the command slings, the sling is adjusted and pulled taut and the bearer of the weapon returns to the position of order arms. Another common position assumed by members of the firing party is port arms. (4) PORT ARMS. At order arms, the command for this movement is, port, arms. This is a two count movement: (a) At the command arms, which is the count of one in this movement, the rifle is raised with the right hand until the hand is in front and slightly to the left of the face. The rifle is placed in a position diagonally
across the body. At this time the rifle is grasped at the balance with the left hand. The palm of the left hand faces toward the body and the wrist is held straight. The fingers of the left hand are joined as shown in step 1 of figure 2–13. (b) At the count of two, the right hand is moved to the small of the stock. The right hand grasps the stock, the forearm is held horizontal; the left elbow rests against the body. The rifle is held approximately 4 inches from the body. This position is shown in step 2 of figure 2–13. (5) PRESENT ARMS. Members of the firing party may be required to execute present arms from order arms. At order arms the command for this movement is, present, arms. This too, is a two count movement: (a) At the command arms, which is the count of one in this movement, the rifle is lifted in front of the center of the body with the right hand. The barrel is to the rear and is held in a vertical position. The rifle is (c) At the count of three, the order is completed by lowering the rifle gently but smartly to the ground with the right hand. The left hand is cut away sharply to the side. Step 3 of figure 2–15 shows the rifle as it is held at the position of order arms.
(7) Right SHOULDER ARMS FROM ORDER ARMS. This position is often assumed by members of the firing party during military funeral ceremonies. The command for the movement is, right shoulder, arms. This is a four count movement: (a) On the command arms, which is the count of one in this movement, the rifle is raised with the right hand and placed in a diagonal position across the body. The rifle is then grasped at the balance with the left hand as step 1 of figure 2–16 shows. (b) At the count of two, the right hand is lowered and the butt of the weapon is grasped between the first two fingers of the right hand. The thumb and fingers are closed on the stock as shown in step 2 of figure 2–16. (c) At the count of three, without
grasped at the balance with the left hand. The forearm is held in a horizontal position and rests against the body. (b) At the count of two, the right hand is lowered and it grasps the stock of the weapon as shown in figure 2–14. (6) ORDER ARMS FROM PRESENT ARMS. At present or port arms, the command is, order, arms. This movement is executed in three counts: (a) On the command arms, which is the count of one in this movement, the right hand is moved from its grasp on the stock to a position between the upper sling swivel and the stacking swivel of the weapon. This is shown in step 1 of figure 2–15. (b) At the count of two, the grasp of the left hand is released and the rifle is lowered to the right so that the butt is 3 inches from the ground. The barrel is to the rear as is shown in step 2 of figure 2–15. The fingers of the left hand are extended and joined to steady the rifle. The forearm and wrist remain straight and are inclined downward.
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only. At other times the magazine remains out of the weapon. a. Positions and Movements. When the bearer of the carbine stands at ease, the weapon is kept slung unless otherwise ordered. When at rest, the carbine may be unslung and held in any desired position. When at attention, the bearer assumes the carrying position. (1) CARRYING POSITION (SLING ARMS). The carbine may be carried in any one of several positions: slung over either the right or left shoulder with the muzzle up, slung across the back over either the right or left shoulder with the muzzle down, or slung across the back over either the right or left shoulder with the muzzle up. It is most often carried slung over the right shoulder. The command for this movement is, sling, arms. In this position, the butt of the weapon is down, the barrel is turned to the left, and the right hand grasps the sling so that the right forearm is horizontal as shown in figure 2–18. Another common position in which the carbine is held is at port arms. (2) PORT ARMS FROM SLING ARMS. The command for this movement is, port, arms. Port arms from sling arms is executed in three counts: (a) At the command arms, which is the count of one in this movement, the sling is grasped with the left hand above the right as step 1 of figure 2–19 illustrates. (b) At the count of two, the carbine is lifted from the shoulder. At the same time, the right arm is withdrawn from between the carbine and the sling. The small of the stock is grasped with the right hand and the carbine is brought to a vertical plane parallel to, and about 4 inches in front of the center of the body. Notice in step 2 of figure 2–19 that the barrel extends upward and to the left at an angle of 45°. Notice also, that the left hand is returned to the bearer's left side. (c) At the count of three, the hand guard is grasped with the left hand about 3 inches below the upper band. Notice in step 3 of figure 2–19 that the bearer stands at attention when holding the carbine in this position. (3) INSPECTION ARMS FROM FROM SLING ARMS. At guard mount ceremonies, it may
Figure 2–20. Inspection Arms
(10) FLIGHT ATTENTION FROM PARADE REST. At parade rest the command for this movement is, flight, attention. At the command attention, the bearer of the weapon quickly assumes the position of order arms. 26. Carbine. The .30 caliber carbine is another of the air policeman's basic weapons. The carbine is often carried on patrols; when carried on patrols, it is an item of inspection at the guard mount ceremony. Regardless of when it is used, each air policeman is required to know how to handle this weapon. The manual of arms for the carbine provides for uniform, simple, safe, and quick methods by which the weapon may be handled. Although precision and simultaneous execution are seldom required, this simple manual of arms is included for those occasions, such as guard mounts, when its use is desirable. The magazine is normally inserted in the receiver of the carbine for ceremonies and guard duty Page 19
(1) WHEN. Pressure point control is to be used when bleeding cannot be controlled or stopped by direct pressure or by elevation of the bleeding part. (2) How. Bleeding may be controlled or stopped by applying hand or finger pressure at various points on the victim's body. How pressure point control is to be applied to control bleeding from wounds on specific parts of the body is illustrated in figure 3–4. (3) PRECAUTIONS. The pressure points in the groin and neck are particularly important. When direct pressure or elevation fail to stop bleeding from a wound in the thigh or leg, the pressure point in the groin may be used. A neck pressure point should be used when the victim has a profusely bleeding scalp wound; however, use the neck pressure point only as a last resort—when other methods of control have failed. Do not apply pressure to both neck points at the same time, for to do so would cut off the blood supply to the brain, causing unconsciousness and then death. e. Tourniquet. A tourniquet is a device used to stop pulsating or arterial bleeding. It is to be applied with the full knowledge that the victim may lose the limb due to the tourniquet; however, its use may save a life. (1) WHEN. When direct pressure, elevation of the bleeding part, or pressure point control fail to stop bleeding from a limb, or when blood is spurting or gushing from a wound, a tourniquet should be applied. Remember, never apply a tourniquet unless blood is gushing from the wound or until the Page 20
passageway and the immediate application of artificial respiration are fundamental first aid measures for victims of drowning, electrical shock, suffocation, or any other accident in which the victim stops breathing. The most important fact to remember in giving artificial respiration is to begin immediately. Any delay in starting artificial respiration materially decreases the victim's chances of survival. c. How to Administer: (1) OPENING AIR PASSAGEWAY. An important consideration in any method of artificial respiration is the air passageway. It must be open if artificial respiration is to be effective. If there is an obstruction, air cannot enter the lungs regardless of the method used. Usually the air passageway will be blocked to some degree. It may be the result of foreign matter in the mouth, nose, or throat; it could be caused by relaxation of the victim's jaw in which the tongue falls backward thereby blocking the throat; or it may be due to the position of the victim's neck. In some instances the jaw of the unconscious person may be tightly locked thereby causing a blocked air passageway. (a) If foreign matter such as vomitus or mucous is visible in the mouth, nose, or
throat, wipe it away quickly with a cloth or by passing the index and middle fingers through the mouth and throat in a sweeping motion as illustrated in figure 3–6. (b) When the neck of the victim is bent forward so that the chin is down close to the chest, there is a tendency for the throat to become kinked and block the passage of air. The air passageway can be kept open by placing the head of the victim in the position of an individual looking upwards while holding the lower jaw forward in a sword swallowing position as shown in figure 3–7. (c) When the victim's jaw is locked, place the head in the sword swallowing position as illustrated in figure 3–7. With both of your hands, one on each side of the victim's head, grasp the angles of the lower jaw below the ear lobes. Lift the lower jaw forcefully outward so that the lower teeth are further forward than the upper teeth. To open the lips, pull the lower lip down with the thumbs while forcefully holding the lower jaw forward as shown in figure 3–8. Hold the jaw in this position as long as the victim is unconscious. (2) MOUTH-TO-MOUTH BREATHING. The exhaled-air (mouth-to-mouth or mask-tomouth) method is the preferred procedure
for administering artificial respiration. The step-by-step procedure is as follows: (a) Step 1. Turn the victim on his back. (b) Step 2. Clean the mouth, nose, and throat. (c) Step 3. Place the victim's head in the sword swallowing position. The head must be placed as far back as possible so that the front of the neck is stretched. (d) Step 4. Hold the lower jaw up. Approach the victim's head preferably from the left side. Insert the thumb of your left hand between the victim's teeth at the midline. Pull the lower jaw forcefully outward so that the lower teeth are further forward than the upper teeth. Hold the jaw in this position as long as the victim is unconscious. (e) Step 5. Close the nose of the victim by compressing it between the thumb and forefinger of your right hand. (f) Step 6. Blow air into the victim's lungs. Take a deep breath and cover the victim's open mouth with your open mouth until airtight contact is made as shown in figure 3–9. Blow rapidly until the victim's chest rises. Blow forcefully into adults and gently into children. (g) Step 7. Let air out of the victim's lungs. After chest rises, quickly separate lip contact with the victim, and allow the victim to exhale by himself. If the chest does not rise when you blow air in, improve the support of the victim's air passageway, and blow more forcefully. Repeat the inflations of the lungs 12 to 20 times per minute. Continue rhythmically without interruption until the victim starts breathing or is pronounced dead. A smooth rhythm is desirable but split-second timing is not essential. NOTE: When the jaw of the victim is locked and the mouth cannot be easily opened, the procedures described above must be modified. Steps 1, 2, and 3 are identical. However, Step 4 requires that an alternate method be used to hold the victim's jaw up. This method, previously described, shows how the air passageway is opened when the jaw is locked and is illustrated in figure 3–8. Steps 5 and 6 are
also changed. The alternate method for these steps is shown in figure 3–10. To perform mouth-to-mouth breathing the rescuer must take a deep breath and cover the victim's open mouth with his mouth effecting an airtight contact. The victim's nose is blocked to prevent air leakage by pressing the right cheek of the rescuer against the nasal openings. The hands of the rescuer cannot be used for this purpose because they are employed in holding the victim's jaw up and keeping the mouth open. Once airtight contact has been obtained, the rescuer blows air into the victim's lungs until the chest rises. Air is blown forcefully into adults and gently into children. Step 1, letting air out of the victim's lungs, is the same as the procedure previously described. d. Precautions. The following precautions are to be observed when administering artificial respiration using the exhaled-air method: (1) Do not leave the victim alone. Start artificial respiration immediately. Seconds count. (2) Do not waste time moving the victim to an ideal location. (3) Do not wait for mechanical equipment. Remember, a life is at stake. (4) Insure that the air passageway is open otherwise air cannot get into the lungs. (5) Do not fight the victim's attempts to breathe. When exhaled-air assisted breathing is being given, the rescuer should adjust his timing to that of the victim. (6) Once the victim begins breathing it is extremely important that the rescuer remain at the victim's head in order to keep the air passageway open and to start exhaledair assisted breathing if the victim ceases to breathe. (7) To avoid direct contact place a handkerchief over the victim's mouth. This will not impede air flow. (8) If the first few attempts to inflate the lungs are unsuccessful, turn the victim on his side and administer several sharp blows between the shoulders in an attempt to dislodge the obstruction. Now repeat the entire procedure.
33. Base System. Communication is a very essential element in any military operation. It is one medium through which a commander exercises control over activities of his organization. All air police units must necessarily include dependable forms of communication to meet their normal and emergency requirements. Both radio and wire equipment must be available to insure a rapid and reliable means of communication. This is a basic need in performing the security, law enforcement, and correction missions of an air police squadron. Wire systems are employed extensively in the Air Force; the telephone is one of the most popular means of communication in use today. Here is an instrument which, when used with associated facilities, offers the advantages of speed, ease of operation, reliability, convenience, and clear transmission. Telephone communication may be provided by either the base telephone facility or a field telephone system. Each Air Force installation is usually equipped with a manual or dial fixed telephone system which provides telephone service to all activities located on the base. In addition, telephone calls may be made to off-base locations through use of commercial trunk lines. Even at Air Force installations having a fixed telephone facility, air police squadrons will often have a switchboard to fulfill their requirements for administrative and operational telephone service. a. Applicability. The air police squadron uses the facilities of the base telephone system in performing its primary mission. The ability to communicate with all elements of the unit rapidly and reliably is vital to mis
sion accomplishment. Although the operational requirements of an air police squadron may vary from installation to installation, a means for an exchange of information; a method for coordinating activities; a medium for transmitting orders, directives, and instructions; and a system for integrating functions will always be necessary. The telephone may very well fulfill these requirements. b. Utilization. Telephone service required by the air police squadron for administrative purposes is usually available through the base system. These telephones are installed in various sections and offices of air police headquarters and are used to facilitate the transaction of normal or routine administrative matters. Operational type telephone service may also be procured through the base telephone facility. Normally, fixed posts such as gates and main entrances are connected to squadron operations by means of telephones. Fixed security posts, restricted areas, and guard towers may also be equipped with telephones thus providing direct communication with Central Security Control. Special lines, commonly referred to as hot lines may be authorized when this type of service is necessary to accomplish the unit mission. Other activities, such as air police operations, the pass and identification section, Central Security Control, and the Sabotage Alert Team require telephone service to facilitate accomplishment of their assigned functions. 34. Field System. A field or tactical telephone system is a manually operated telephone system which provides intercommunications service to all telephone stations connected into the system.
a. When Used. Ordinarily, field or tactical telephone systems will be used in air police operations when the facilities of the base telephone system are not sufficient to meet the wire communications needs of the squadron. A field system may also be employed in specific situations to supplement the base system. When authorized, a field telephone system is normally used in connection with the security mission of the air police squadron. When so used, the system is employed to link the different posts of a security flight with Central Security Control, thereby providing direct telephone communication between all elements of the flight. b. How Used. The major components of a field telephone system are a manually operated switchboard, telephone sets, and field wire. When a field system is authorized, the switchboard will usually be located at squadron operations or Central Security Control. Tactical or field switchboards are manually operated and require an operator to man the board. Individual telephone sets are installed at specific locations within the area served by the system. All telephone stations in the field telephone system are connected into the switchboard by means of field wire. Ordinarily, installation and maintenance of equipment used in the field telephone system will be performed by communications personnel.
considered an important item for the Sabotage Alert Team. Radiotelephony combines the principle of speed with mobility, flexibility, reliability, and ease of operation to provide a means of controlling the various segments of air police operations. 36. Types. Various types of radiotelephone or voice transmission equipment may be authorized for air police operations. This equipment may be obtained through normal Air Force supply channels or from commercial communications companies on a contract or rental basis. Equipment used in performing air police functions includes mobile two-way radio communications sets, handie-talkie radio sets, and portable man-pack transmitting and receiving equipments. a. Mobile Two-Way. A mobile two-way communications set consists of a radio transmitter on which messages may be sent and a radio receiver on which messages may be received. Installed as an operating unit in a motor vehicle, this equipment is capable of effecting two-way, voice communication with the base or central station and all other subordinate stations in the net. (1) WHEN USED. Mobile two-way communications sets are particularly appropriate in the law enforcement and security functions of an air police squadron. This equipment is installed in patrol cars and provides each patrol with a means of keeping in constant touch with air police headquarters and with other patrols of the flight. Mobile twoway communications sets may be employed in air police stake-outs; they also provide direct communication with other patrol cars in the investigation of crime and in reporting traffic and other public safety conditions. It is a means of requesting immediate assistance in the event of an emergency. (2) How USED. A two-way radio communication system consists of a base station and one or more mobile units. The base station, usually located at the Air Police Desk or Central Security Control, is equipped with a radio transmitter by which messages and instructions may be sent, and a radio receiver through which messages may be received. The mobile units or patrol cars are likewise equipped with a transmitter and a receiver
SECTION B — RADIOTELEPHONE
35. Advantages. Radio, as a means of communication, satisfies to a high degree the principles of speed, reliability, flexibility, mobility, and system integration — important factors in an effective communications system. In air police operations, radio is considered to be the primary means of communication with voice transmission the medium most frequently used. Radiotelephone communication has several applications in air police operations. In the law enforcement function, patrol cars are equipped with vehicular or mobile two-way communications sets. Handie-talkie radio sets and man-pack transmitting and receiving equipments may be effectively used in the security function. Furthermore, radiotelephone equipment is
and have direct communication with the base station and other patrol cars in the air police net. All stations in the net must operate on the same frequency. Voice transmission, using radiotelephone procedures contained in Allied Communication Publication 125 (B)1(US), HF Air-Ground Radiotelephone Procedures, will be used. Signal codes, especially developed for air police use, may also be used to facilitate the transmission and reception of instructions and messages. b. Handie-Talkie. Equipment allowance tables for air police squadrons usually include an authorization for portable communications equipment. Commonly referred to as a handie-talkie, this equipment is a compact, low-power radio set used for voice transmission over short distances. It is designed to transmit and receive frequency-modulated radio signals on any one of a number of operating frequencies. (1) WHEN USED. Portable or handietalkie communication sets may be used in situations where direct communication over short distances is required. The effective range of a typical handie-talkie radio set is approximately one mile. Air police personnel assigned patrol duty in restricted areas may be equipped with a handie-talkie to provide direct communication with air police operations or Central Security Control (CSC). Members of the Sabotage Alert Team are usually authorized handie-talkies as a medium for maintaining communications with CSC. In disasters or other emergencies, the handie-talkie radio set can be effectively employed in directing operations. (2) How USED. Air police employ handie-talkie radio equipment to maintain communications with squadron operations, Central Security Control, or with other personnel equipped with radio communication equipment. Voice transmission, using radiotelephone procedures contained in Allied Communication Publication 125 (B)-1(US), HF Air-Ground Radiotelephone Procedures, is the medium used. Messages and instructions are transmitted and received on the same operating frequency. Detailed instructions for operation of handie-talkie radio equipment are described in the operating manual for the specific equipment authorized.
A copy of these instructions is issued along with the equipment. c. Portable Man-Pack. Another type of communications equipment which may be authorized an air police squadron is a portable man-pack radio set. These are portable, frequency-modulated sets used for the transmission and reception of messages in field operations. Voice transmission is the medium used. The operating range of a typical set is approximately three miles. (1) WHEN USED. Authorization for and employment of portable man-pack radio equipment necessarily depends upon the specific requirements of the air police squadron. Sets of this type are designed for man-pack operation in which the equipment is packmounted and carried by an operator, or it may be installed in a patrol car and used for vehicular operation. When equipment of this type is authorized it is usually employed in carrying out the security or law enforcement missions of the squadron. (2) How USED. Personnel equipped with a portable man-pack radio set usually operate as part of a communication system or air police net. Each set includes a transmitter by which messages may be sent and a receiver through which messages may be received. All stations comprising the system or net send and receive messages on the same operating frequency. Voice transmission, using authorized radiotelephone procedures, is the medium used. 37. Transmission Procedures. Certain operational and procedural practices have been established which, when correctly employed, facilitate transmission and reception of messages. These operating practices, in the form of transmission procedures, should be known by air police whose duties require operation of radio communication equipment. a. Net Organization. Radiotelephone communication is the transmitting medium most frequently employed in air police operations. The operational theory for this type of communication system is that each station in the system is equipped with a radio transmitter by which messages may be sent and a radio receiver by which messages may be received. When the frequency of the transmitter at one Page 21
station is the same as the frequency of the receiver at another station, two-way communication between those stations may be effected. In air police operations, all stations comprising a net will transmit and receive on the same operating frequency. A minimum of two radio stations is necessary to form a radio net. If the network is comprised of three or more stations, a net control station will be designated. The net control station (NCS) is sometimes referred to as the base station, central station, or fixed station. In air police operations, the NCS is usually located in air police headquarters or at Central Security Control. The primary function of the NCS is to maintain circuit discipline and to insure that all subordinate stations conduct operations in accordance with prescribed operating procedures. b. Call Signs. Each radio station is assigned a call sign. A call sign consists of a combination of letters and/or numbers and serves as a simple means of identification without giving the names or locations of units. It is used when any station in the net desires to contact any other station in the net. c. Prowords. Prowords are used in radiotelephone communications to shorten transmission time and to facilitate the reception of messages. Each proword authorized for use has a specific meaning. A listing of prowords authorized for use in radiotelephone communications and their explanations follow:
Cancel my transmission (DTG or transmission identification). (Not to be confused with Proword Disregard this Transmission). Page 22
43. Military Law. Military law establishes standards of behavior for members of the Armed Forces. Civilian laws and civilian court procedures are not always adaptable to the trial of military offenders because many offenses are purely military in nature. With this in mind, the Congress of the United States established a system of military justice for all members of the Armed Forces. This system is known as the Uniform Code of Military Justice. a. Uniform Code of Military Justice. The Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) is the name for that part of the Act of 5 May 1950 which regulates the conduct of military personnel. The Act contains the Uniform Code of Military Justice (Section 1, Articles 1–140) and 16 other sections which amend, extend, or modify previous legislation on military justice and other matters. (1) PURPOSE. The purpose of the Uniform Code was to unify, consolidate, revise, and codify the Articles of War, the Articles for the Government of the Navy, and the Disciplinary Laws of the Coast Guard, thereby providing all branches of the Armed Forces with a common system of military justice. (2) APPLICABILITY. The Uniform Code of Military Justice is applicable to all members of the Armed Forces. As members of the Armed Forces, air police will perform duties such as apprehensions, prepare incident reports, conduct minor investigations, testify at courts-martial, participate in squadron training programs, and supervise OJT personnel. For these reasons, air policemen should have a thorough understanding of military law as set forth in the Uniform Code of Military Justice. b. Air Police Authority and Responsibilities. An air policeman is a representative of his government, the United States Air Force, and the installation commander, as well as the immediate commander under whom he serves. It is his duty to exercise properly the authority which has been given to him and to carry out this important trust impartially,
fairly, firmly, and in such a manner that respect for air police will be maintained by all service personnel and the public. (1) SOURCE OF AUTHORITY. The authority for air police to enforce the law is derived from paragraph 19 of the Manual for Courts-Martial, 1951. (2) RESPONSIBILITIES. An air policeman is responsible for carrying out the orders of the installation commander in the enforcement of law and order, providing installations security, controlling and supervising prisoners. The tasks necessary to carry out this responsibility are as follows: (a) Enforce standards of conduct and uniform regulations. (b) Apprehend violators. ( (c) Investigate minor offenses. (d) Guard scene of disaster. (e) Investigate traffic control. (f) Direct traffic. (g) Perform off-base details.(h) Process security forms and records. (i) Secure restricted areas. (j) Protect aircraft, material, and personnel from injury or destruction by sabotage. (k) Guard public funds and classified documents. (1) Control and supervise prisoners. (m) Escort prisoners. (n) Supervise and instruct air police and base personnel. c. Punitive Articles. Articles 77 through 134 of the UCMJ are concerned with criminal offenses and are referred to as the punitive articles. Some of the more important articles concerning air police duties are given in the following paragraph. (1) WHAT THEY ARE. The punitive articles define the offenses punishable in military law; they are for the armed services what a criminal code is for a civil state. The punitive articles are comprehensive and cover almost any offense or crime that can be committed. The punitive articles which are most frequently of importance to the air policeman are: 77–Principals; 86-Absence Without Leave; 92-Failure to Obey Order or Regulation ; 95-Arrest and Confinement; 96– Releasing Prisoner Without Proper Author Page 23
men in a position to protect themselves and overcome any resistance. (2) ATTITUDE. Air policemen with aggressive, belligerent, or domineering attitudes provoke violence, create ill-will, and reflect discredit upon their organization. Politeness pays off in smoother apprehensions, minimum use of force, better public relations, and increased respect for law enforcement. Politeness is not a sign of weakness; it is the most effective method of dealing with a wide variety of people, the majority of whom appreciate a little consideration. A smooth, courteous, and efficient approach and a firm but friendly conversational tone can usually calm all but the most violent offenders. c. Evaluation. An evaluation is made to determine if, considering all the circumstances, probable cause exists to make an apprehension. (1) ATTITUDE OF SUSPECT. A suspect is either cooperative or uncooperative; an uncooperative attitude is a good indication that an apprehension is necessary and force may be required. By anticipating trouble before it occurs air policemen are in a better position to take immediate action. A cooperative attitude, in itself, is not always an indication of innocence. Experienced offenders sometimes appear to be model airmen. (2) PHYSICAL CONDITION. A suspect should always be checked to see if he has injuries that require medical attention. This is particularly important when he has been involved in a fight or is intoxicated. An apparently minor injury could be serious, and the few minutes required for medical attention will clear the air police of negligence. (3) COURSE OF ACTION. The evaluation includes the suspect's attitude, injuries he may have received in an offense, and the facts and circumstances which may indicate probable cause to apprehend. Since an apprehension is not a trial, simple suspicion is sufficient, provided the suspicion is reasonable. If the apprehension has been ordered by higher authority there is no decision to make. Once decided upon, an apprehension should be made quickly, without hesitation or argument. The objective is to remove the suspect from the scene with minimum delay.
d. Custody. An apprehension is effected when the suspect is told that he is being taken into custody. The simple statement, You're under apprehension or I'm taking you into custody is sufficient. The suspect should not have any doubts about his status. Friendly invitations to hop in the vehicle and take a ride to headquarters are insufficient. (1) SEARCH. Immediately upon being apprehended the suspect is searched for weapons. This is merely a simple frisk; a more thorough search should be made later. Details of how to conduct a search are found in Chapter 7, Search and Seizure. (2) WARNING. If circumstances allow, a suspect should be warned of his right against self-incrimination in accordance with Article 31, UCMJ. Although formal interrogations are rarely made at the scene of an apprehension, any confession or admission made by the suspect at the scene is inadmissible in court unless he had been warned of his rights. The procedure for warning a suspect of his rights is explained in Chapter 8, Investigations, of this manual. Since circumstances may vary during apprehensions it requires thoughtfulness on the part of the air policeman in determining when a warning is appropriate. For example, an intoxicated person being forcibly removed from an establishment is not too concerned with the provisions of Article 31, UCMJ. .
49. Use of Force. An important legal question is the amount of force used to effect an apprehension. Although force is authorized, the degree of force required depends on the circumstances of a particular apprehension. The discussion below should answer the questions as to how, when, and to what extent force may be used by an apprehending air policeman. a. Authority. An air policeman may use necessary force to secure the custody of an offender. The amount of force necessary depends on the degree and kind of resistance, the availability of manpower, and the seriousness of the offense. The objective is only to secure custody, not to hospitalize the offender. Severe injuries inflicted on offenders by air policemen are only justified in extreme circumstances. Page 24
neck with his right arm as shown in step 3 of figure 6–3. (3) NECK DRAG. The air policeman positions himself behind and to the right of the offender. He then grasps the offender's collar with his left hand, breaking the offender's balance to the rear as illustrated in step 1 of figure 6–4. At this point the air policeman circles the offender's neck with his right arm, keeping his wrist below the ear, while releasing the collar and clasping his right hand over his left hand. The air policeman then pivots his right hip into the offender's back, and applies arm pressure to the offender's neck as shown in step 2 of figure 6-4. b. Takedowns. Takedowns are used as defensive measures when an offender attempts to strike or grab an air policeman. The offender's forward motion when attempting to strike or grab places him in an off-balance position. Consequently, a takedown can be applied effectively by taking advantage of the offender's forward momentum. A take Page 25
through with a takedown or comealong and control the offender. (1) WEDGE. If an offender grasps an air policeman by the neck with both hands, the air policeman should place his left foot forward, flex his knees, and clasp his hands as shown in step 1, figure 6–8. He should then extend his arms straight up between the offender's arms while straightening his legs as shown in step 2 of figure 6–8. This action breaks the choke. (2) WINDMILL. If an offender grasps an air policeman's neck with both hands,
to the rear. At the same time the heel of the right hand strikes the offender's chin, as shown in figure 6–10. (4) BODY HOLD-REAR. If an air policeman is grasped from the rear by an offender, he should flex his knees to maintain his balance, move his hips to the right, and use a deflecting blow to the lower part of the offender's body, as shown in step 1 of figure 6–11. At this point he should place his left leg behind the offender's right leg, reach down and grasp the offender's trousers at the knees, and lift up, as shown in step 2
DATE CONFINEMENT ORDER 15 June 1961 Prepare in duplicate. Original is retained by Confinement Officer; duplicate is returned to officer directing the confinement. The normal period for preferring court martial charges following restraint of accused is 24 hours. (Ao to who may direct confinement, see paragraph 210, MCM 1951) TO: INSTALLATION Confinement Officer Jet AFB, Texas THE PERSON NAMED BELOW WILL BE CONFINED LAST NAME FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL GRADE SERVICE NUMBER DEPARTMENT OF MILITARY SVC DOE, John J. АЗС AF 11134496 USAF ORGANIZATION
628th Food Service Squadron
REASON: OFFENSE (SI AND UCMJ ARTICLE IS) VIOLATED : Assault, Art. 128 TYPED OR PRINTED NAME, GRADE & TITLE OF OFFICER ORDERING SIGNATURE OF OFFICER ORDERING CONFINEMENT (Or authorized CONFINEMENT (Or author ised representative) representative) JOSEPH G. GILLIKIN, Major, USAF Commander, 628th Food Service Squadron RECE I PT FOR PRISONER HOUR DATE THE PRISONER NAMED ABOVE WAS RECEIVED FOR CONFINEMENT AT: 1430 15 June 1961 TYPED OR PRINTED NAME AND GRADE OF CONFINEMENT OFFICER SIGNATURE OF CONFINEMENT OFFICER (Or authorized represent(or author ized representative) ativ
JAMES V. BENNETT, MSgt, USAF Correction Supervisor
628th Air Police Squadron
TO: INSTALLATION Confinement or Brig Officer Jet AFB, Texas THE PRISONER NAMED BELOW WILL BE RELEASED FROM CONFINEMENT 16 June 1961 THE ORGANIZATION SHOWN LAST NAME · FIRST NAME · MIDDLE INITIAL (Printod or typod) SERVICE NUMBER AF11243730 628th Transportation Squadron REASON FOR RELEASE
FOR THE COMMER SIGNATURE JOHN R. WANNAMAKER GRADE/RANK, ORGANIZATION, AND TITLE Colonel, 628th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing, Installation Commander RECEIPT 16 June 1961 0900 NAME, GRADE/RANK, ORGANIZATION, TITLE (Printod or typod) SIG NATURE ROBERT L. O'CONNELL, MSgt, USAF First Sergeant, 628th Transportation Sqdn. . REMARKS
Figure 6–13. DD Form 367, Prisoner's Release Order
rant officers and NCOs to order enlisted persons of his command into arrest. This delegation of authority allows immediate action to be taken when the necessity arises. 53. Procedure. A commander having authority as stated in paragraph 52a above may effect the arrest of an officer or warrant officer by an order, oral or written, delivered in person or by another officer. The arrest of an enlisted person is effected when an officer or authorized warrant officer or NCO gives an oral or written order, either personally or through any person subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. The person ordering an arrest must have probable cause to believe the accused committed an offense and the order must clearly state the limits of the arrest.
a. Commander. The authority to order officers or warrant officers into confinement is the same as specified in paragraph 52a above for placing such persons in arrest. b. Officers. Any officer may order an enlisted person into confinement. c. Warrant Officers and Noncommissioned Officers. A commander may authorize warrant officers and NCOs to order enlisted persons into confinement.
54. Status. A person in arrest status cannot be required to perform his full military duty. If the authority who imposed the arrest or superior authority orders a person in arrest to perform duties inconsistent with such status, then the arrest is terminated. This does not prevent a person in arrest status from doing ordinary cleaning or policing within the limits of his arrest, but duties involving the exercise of command or the bearing of arms are prohibited. The proper authority to terminate an arrest status is normally the person who imposed the arrest.
57. Confinement Order. Although confinement may be accomplished by either an oral or written order, the normal procedure is to have the order in writing. a. DD Form 497, Confinement Order. This form, as illustrated in figure 6–12, is used to effect a confinement. The person signing the order must have probable cause to believe the person being confined committed an offense. The receipt portion of the order is filled out by the senior air policeman on duty at the confinement facility. The confinement order is prepared in duplicate; the original is retained by the confinement facility and the duplicate is given to the person authorizing the confinement. b. Escort to Confinement Facility. Normally, a person ordered into confinement is escorted to the confinement facility by air police, who are responsible for his custody until they obtain a receipt from confinement personnel. The receipt is the duplicate copy of the confinement order.
55. Definition. Confinement is physical restraint, either in a confinement facility or under guard while outside a confinement facility. A person under apprehension may be released, restricted, placed in arrest, or confined. Confinement is imposed only because of the seriousness of an offense or to insure the presence of an accused at a trial. A person in confinement is a prisoner and remains a prisoner until released by proper authority. 56. Authority. Persons subject to the provisions of the Uniform Code of Military Justice may be ordered into confinement as explained in the following paragraphs.
58. Status. A person confined is in a prisoner status. This means that he has lost his freedom until released by proper authority. A prisoner in pretrial confinement is under guard in the confinement facility and under guard anytime he leaves the facility for an appointment or work detail. Prisoner status is terminated by DD Form 367, Prisoner's Release Order as shown in figure 6–13. The release must be authorized by the commander who controls the confinement facility, normally the installation commander, but the authority to sign the release order For the Commander may be delegated to the confinement officer or other designated officers of the command.
SECTION D- UNLAWFUL DETENTION
59. Definition. Any person subject to the Code who, except as provided by law, apprehends, arrests, or confines any person is guilty of unlawful detention under Article 97, UCMJ. Any unlawful restraint of a person's
freedom of movement is a violation of this article. The restraint may be in a confinement facility, a house, or on a street. No actual force is necessary in imposing the apprehension, arrest, or confinement; however, it must be against the will of the person restrained. Page 26
includes a number of European nations, has a Status of Forces Agreement, one section of which provides for mutual assistance in offbase law enforcement, including searches and seizures. The directives for off-base searches are issued by the commander of an Air Force installation located in a foreign country, with the advice of his staff judge advocate. A complete understanding of all the legal technicalities concerning treaties and agreements requires the experience and legal training of a staff judge advocate. Air police need only to follow local directives governing off-base search policies. Off-base searches of persons not subject to the UCMJ are strictly the concern of local authorities unless local directives state otherwise.
63. Persons. In making apprehensions, air police encounter a variety of offenders from harmless drunks to robbery suspects. The technique that should be used for one may not necessarily be effective for another. For example, an airman, AWOL for only a few days, may think nothing of engaging in a brawl with several air policemen while a suspect of larceny may be perfectly harmless. Hunian behavior cannot be fully predicted; by assuming the worst, air policemen can eliminate the chance of being surprised. Failure to make this assumption may result in injury to the air policeman, the escape of an offender, or the loss of life or property. Air policemen need to have a practical, working knowledge of the techniques of searching an offender. Normally, three types of searches are used. They are: the simple frisk, the wall search, and the complete search. a. Simple Frisk. When a person is apprehended for a minor offense, he is given a simple frisk; a quick search of his person to see if he has any weapons. This is standard police procedure because a person apprehended for a minor offense may have committed a serious offense. Air policemen cannot assume that minor offenders harmless. In making the simple frisk, the air policeman (searcher) has the suspect stand |
Which of these is not required when an insurance company requests an inspection report on an applicant?
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