List the following bond types in order of increasing strength: nonpolar covalent bonds, ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, polar covalent bonds Possible Answers:
hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, polar covalent bonds, nonpolar covalent bonds
nonpolar covalent bonds, polar covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds
hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, nonpolar covalent bonds, polar covalent bonds
ionic bond, polar covalent bonds, nonpolar covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds
hydrogen bonds, nonpolar covalent bonds, polar covalent bonds, ionic bonds
Correct answer: hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, polar covalent bonds, nonpolar covalent bonds Explanation: A hydrogen bond is not a proper chemical bond, but the result of dipole-dipole interactions. While they are very chemically important, hydrogen bonds are dynamic, rather than stagnant. This is the least stable type of bond listed. Covalent bonds are inherently more stable than ionic bonds as electrons are shared between both bound atoms, so the next stronges bond type is the ionic bond. Chemists distinguish between covalent and ionic bonds for the sake of simplicity, but there is actually a continuum. Polar covalent bonds are on the continuum between pure ionic bonds and pure covalent bonds, so polar covalent bonds have more ionic character than nonpolar covalent bonds, and thus are less stable than nonpolar covalent bonds.
Which of the following compounds experiences the greatest intermolecular forces Possible Answers:
Explanation: IMF strength is in the order of ion-ion>h-bond>dipole-dipole>van der waals. Of the listed compounds there aren't any that display ion-ion IMF, and only ammonia has h-bonding, making it the one with the strongest forces.
Order the following compounds from lowest boiling point to highest: He2 (helium gas) Isobutyl alcohol Acetone Water Possible Answers:
Helium gas, acetone, water, isobutyl alcohol
Acetone, helium gas, water, isobutyl alcohol
Isobutyl alcohol, water, acetone, helium gas
Acetone, helium gas, isobutyl alcohol, water
Correct answer: Helium gas, acetone, water, isobutyl alcohol Explanation: Helium gas will have the lowest boiling point since it is a noble gas and the only intermolecular forces present are dispersion forces, which are the weakest. Acetone has a dipole, so dipole-dipole forces will be present. Water has a dipole and can also hydrogen bond, as can isobutyl alcohol. However, isobutyl alcohol is heavier than water, and will thus have the highest boiling point.
Put the following in order from greatest to least intermolecular forces: I. H2O II. LiOH III. CO2 Possible Answers:
Explanation: LiOH displays ion-dipole IMF, H2O displays hydrogen bonding, and CO2 displays dipole-dipole. Ion-dipole is greater than hydrogen bonding as an IMf, and hydrogen bonding is greater than dipole-dipole.
Put the following intermolecular forces in order of decreasing strength: London dispersion forces; hydrogen bonds; dipole-dipole interactions; ion-dipole interactions Possible Answers:
Dipole-dipole interactions Hydrogen bonds Ion-dipole interactions London dispersion forces
Hydrogen bonds dipole-dipole interactions London dispersion forces Ion-dipole interactions
Hydrogen bonds ion-dipole interactions dipole-dipole interactions London dispersion forces
ion-dipole interactions hydrogen bonds dipole-dipole interactions London dispersion forces
Correct answer: ion-dipole interactions hydrogen bonds dipole-dipole interactions London dispersion forces Explanation: Ion-dipole forces are the forces responsible for the solvation of ionic compounds in aqueous solutions, and are the strongest of the intermolecular foces. Hydrogen bonding is the second strongest intermolecular force, followed by dipole-dipole interactions. London dispersion forces are present in all solutions, but are very small and the weakest of the intermolecular forces.
Which of the following intermolecular forces account for the fact that noble gases can liquefy? Possible Answers:
Dipole dipole interactions
Correct answer: Dispersion forces Explanation: Noble gases are uncharged and do not have polar covalent bonds or dipole moments. The only force that could apply to them are dispersion forces.
Which of the following is most similar to hydrogen bonding? Possible Answers:
Water completely dissolves certain salts, like
The slightly negatively charged sulfur atoms in
The chlorine bound to carbon in dichloromethane will slightly attract positive charged particles.
Two methane molecules are attracted to one another because of temporary dipoles.
A negatively charged chlorine anion in solution will attract nearby positively charged Lithium cations.
Correct answer: The slightly negatively charged sulfur atoms in are attracted to the slightly positively charged hydrogen atom of a nearby molecule. Explanation: The choice "The slightly negatively charged sulfur atoms in "Two methane molecules are attracted to one another because of temporary dipoles" describes London dispersion forces. While "A negatively charged chlorine anion in solution will attract nearby positively charged Lithium cations" may sound like hydrogen bonding, it is more descriptive of interactions between any charged particles, not charged particles within the same molecule. "Water completely dissolves certain salts, like While "The chlorine bound to carbon in dichloromethane will slightly attract positive charged particles" sounds promising, the slight charges are not on the same molecule.
Methanol (H3COH) exhibits all of the following intermolecular forces EXCEPT __________. Possible Answers:
Dipole-dipole interactions
Correct answer: Ionic bonding Explanation: Methanol is not an ionic molecule and will not exhibit intermolecular ionic bonding. Methanol is polar, and will exhibit dipole interactions. It also contains the -OH alcohol group which will allow for hydrogen bonding.
Which of the following intermolecular forces creates the strongest relative attraction? Possible Answers:
Dipole-dipole interactions
Correct answer: Dipole-ion interactions Explanation: Dipole-ion interactions (an attraction between an ion and a neutral, but polar atom) are the strongest intermolecular forces listed. Ion-ion forces (attraction between two ions) are the strongest interactions overall. Hydrogen bonding, an attraction between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom like fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen, is the second strongest interaction listed. The third strongest listed is dipole-dipole interactions, an attraction between two polar molecules, followed by dispersion forces, temporary shifts in the electrons of a molecule.
Which intermolecular force is responsible for the high surface tension of water? Possible Answers:
Correct answer: Hydrogen bonding Explanation: Hydrogen bonding is what holds the hydrogen in one molecule of water to the oxygen in another molecule. Surface tension is a measure of the difficulty to disturb the surface of a liquid. The strong intermolecular connections created by hydrogen bonding makes it hard to disrupt adjacent molecules and break the water surface. Most key properties of water are attributed to its hydrogen bonding.
Jennifer
Arizona State University, Bachelor of Education, Chemistry Teacher Education.
Eyrusalam
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Bachelor of Science, Chemistry. Northern Illinois University, Doctor of Philosophy, Chemistry.
Steven
University of Waterloo, Bachelor of Science, Chemical Engineering. University of Massachusetts Amherst, Doctor of Philosophy,...
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What type of intermolecular force is present when ionic and polar substances are mixed together?
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