What are the advantages and disadvantages of team incentive plans?

In a previous post, we discussed some of the benefits of a team-based incentive plan, whereby bonuses are awarded based on the success or shortcomings of an entire team and not on specific individuals. In this post, we’ll look at some of the drawbacks of this approach.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of team incentive plans?

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Free Riders … Or the Perception Thereo

When a group of individuals is working toward a team goal and splitting the rewards of achieving that goal among themselves, it’s always possible that some members will free ride on the efforts of others. Even if everyone is giving it his or her all, there may be some who feel they are carrying a disproportionate amount of the load.
“If team members perform at vastly different levels, creating a group incentive can set the stage for drama in the workplace, particularly if some staff members feel compelled to work harder than others to carry the workload,” says Lisa McQuerrey for BizFluent. She adds that this can cause drama among teams rather than build cohesion.

Revolt by Top Performers

Whether accurate or not, some top performers may feel they would be far better off if their incentives were based on individual performance instead of team performance.
They may tend to see the rest of their team as a weight dragging them down. One way or another, they may choose to rebel against the system. This could mean sandbagging or outright refusal to participate.

Management Might Lose Sight of Individual Performance

While team performance is important, evaluating teams as a whole creates a risk that managers will lose sight of individual performance. Just because teams are being evaluated as a whole doesn’t mean that managers shouldn’t be paying attention to individual development and contributions. For example, a quiet member of a strong team might not be getting the personal attention he or she needs to help him or her develop personal skills that will ultimately benefit the team and the organization as a whole.

In this post and a previous post, we’ve looked at some of the pros and cons of team-based incentives. It’s impossible to label one superior to the other because both have benefits and drawbacks depending on the situation. Knowing what those are will help an organization determine which is appropriate and when.

Busch, whose remarks came at a recent BLR-sponsored webinar, is owner of HR Compensation Consultants, LLC. Here are her suggestions about team and individual incentives.

What Are Team-Driven Incentives?

Team-driven incentive are intended to foster a collaborative environment in which team members are focused on helping one another. They are:

  • Based on a team’s performance.
  • Place the focus on how a team comes together to drive the business.
  • Types of plans:
    • Gain-sharing plans
    • Profit-sharing plans
    • Earnings-at-risk plans

Types of Team-Driven Rewards

  • Team incentive carve-out—A broadening of individual performance measures to include team performance.
  • Team multiplier—Multiplies the individual’s incentive earning by a factor based on team performance.
  • Team pool—Typically used in sales; allocates the incentive to team members based on each person’s role in the sales process.
  • Unique team measures—Specifically created for a unique team; generally are customer-focused measures.

Individual Performance Measurements

  • Quantity of work output
  • Quality of work output
  • Monthly sales
  • Work safety records
  • Work attendance

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Individual Incentives

Advantages

  • Relate pay to performance of individual.
  • Help retain best performers.
  • Provide equitable distribution of compensation.
  • Suitable for individualistic culture.

Disadvantages

  • Factors not rewarded may be overlooked.
  • Factors not in the employee’s control might impact outcomes.
  • Establishing performance standards is time-consuming.
  • Unrealistic standards can hamper motivation.
  • Can lead to mistrust between workers and management.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Team Incentives

Advantages

  • Improve organizational performance.
  • Based on organizational measures.
  • Periodically measured.

Disadvantages

  • Line of sight may be lessened.
  • May not be accepted by high-level individual performers.
  • Increases to compensation at risk—lack of stability

Is there a time and place for both types?

  • Yes, based on the organization’s compensation philosophy.
  • Individual incentives are focused on achieving work-related performance standards.
  • Team incentives reward collective performance.

Examples of when team-driven goals may be the way to go instead of individual rewards:

Team-Driven

  • Use to build a sense of ownership.
  • Use to recognize increases in performance measurements that move the business forward.
  • Use to promote teamwork and collaborative efforts.

Individual

  • Use when the contribution to the business was performed independently.
  • Use to recognize that individual contributions are part of the organizational culture.
  • Use if individual competitiveness is desired.

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