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Summary of findings related to Eysenck’s model and biological responses to stress

StudiesBiological measuresPersonality assessmentType of stress positionResults
Arnetz et al. [131]Diastolic and systolic blood pressure reactions, heart rate, urinary and serum cortisol, urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline, growth hormone, prolactin, progesterone, glucose, triglyceridesTwo dimensions of eysencks short questionnaire: extrovertness and neuroticismPsychological stress (The colour-word conflict test and Mental arithmetic problems)- Diastolic blood pressure reactions to Psychological stress predicted by extrovertness
- 25 percent of adrenaline response explained by extrovertness
- High scores in neuroticism were associated with the lowest progesterone response to stress.
- 36 percent of A-prolactin response explained by neuroticism.
Kirschbaum et al. [129]Salivary cortisolThe german version of the eysenck personality questionnaire-revised (EPQ-R)Psychological stress (public speaking and mental arithmetic)No significant correlation was observed between Salivary cortisol and any of the EPQ measures
Kirschbaum et al. [94]Salivary cortisolEysenck personality inventory (EPI; German version): extraversion (EPI-E) and neuroticism (EPI-N)Psychological stress (public speaking and mental arithmetic in front of an audience)- Extraversion negatively associated with the salivary cortisol responses to psychological stress
Roger et al. [89]Urinary free cortisol test (UFC)Eysenck personality inventory (EPI); extraversion (EPI-E) and neuroticism (EPI-N)Psychological stress (written examination)Neuroticism positively was related to the cortisol secretion
Senior et al. [136]Salivary cortisolExtraversion-introversion scale of the eysenck personality inventoryPhysical stressor (change in work-related circadian behavior pattern)- Individuals with high extraversion secreted more cortisol during the day shift, -high introverts produced more cortisol during the night shift
Schommer et al. [130]Salivary cortisolThe eysenck personality questionnaire-revised (EPQ-R)Psychosocial stress (a free speech and a mental arithmetic task)No significant correlation was observed between basal /or stimulated concentrations of cortisol and stressful exposure.
McCleery et al. [135]Plasma cortisolNeuroticism dimension of the eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ)The Combined dexamethasone-CRH testIndividuals with low-neuroticism showed a greater cortisol response than high-neuroticism individuals
Kennedy et al. [132]Cardiovascular measures: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) activityNeuroticism dimension of the eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ-R)Psychological stress (a mental arithmetic task)Neuroticism was related to diastolic blood pressure responses
Phillips et al. [134]Salivary cortisolNeuroticism dimension of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ)Psychological stress (a mental arithmetic task)A high level of neuroticism was associated with the blunted cortisol reactivity, and poorer A/Panama antibody response.
Ferguson [133]The daily salivary cortisolNeuroticism dimension of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ)Health anxiety (HA)There was no association between neuroticism of and the daytime cortisol secretion
Taylor et al. [99]Salivary cortisolthe Extraversion subscale of the Eysenck Personality InventoryPsychological stress (a speech to audiences and mental arithmetic tasks)Extraversion negatively was associated with the Salivary cortisol responses to stress
Hauner et al. [4]Diurnal salivary cortisol patternsFour measures of neuroticism: (EPQ-R), international personality item pool NEO-PI (IPIP) and big five mini-markers). Introversion (low extraversion of big five mini-markers)Life stress risk factors- Higher introversion was associated with a lower cortisol awakening response
- In interaction with gender, higher levels of introversion among males were associated with the increased cortisol levels at the time of wakeup
- A flatter cortisol rhythm was observed across the waking day among male participants with higher Neuroticism