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Page 2

  Experimental studies (clinical trial or community trial) Longitudinal Observation (cohort study or observational study) Cross-sectional
Study population: Major • No Control
• Sample size inadequate for power (n < 20 per group)
• Non-random allocation or randomisation not described
• Not representative of the population of interest. In relation to age, gender AND • Confounders not accounted for

• No description of sample

• Not representative of the population of interest. In relation to age, gender AND • Confounders not accounted for.

• No description of sample

Minor • Confounders not completely accounted for
• Omission of detail about confounders.
• Not representative of the population of interest. In relation to age, gender • Omission of detail about confounders • Non-random sampling

• Sample size inadequate for power (n < 10 per variable) or not described (if study n < 500)

• Not representative of the population of interest. In relation to age, gender • Confounders not accounted for • Non-random sampling

• Sample size inadequate for power (n < 10 per variable) or not described (if study n < 500)

Intervention/ exposure:
Major
• No description of the PA or SS component of the intervention • No measurement of intervention strength or exposure

• Intervention <12 weeks

• No measurement of exposure
• Poor or no face validity of measurement of exposure
• No measurement of exposure
• Poor or no face validity of measurement of exposure
Minor • No blinding • No validity of measurement PA or SS exposure mentioned • No validity of measurement PA or SS exposure mentioned
Outcome:
Major
• Poor face validity of measurement of outcome • Poor or no face validity of measurement of exposure • Poor or no face validity of measurement of PA or SS outcome
Minor • No validity of PA or SS outcome measure mentioned • No validity of PA or SS outcome measure mentioned • No validity of PA or SS outcome measure mentioned
Follow-up:
Major
• High drop-out (>20%) (from pre to post- test measurement) • High drop-out (>20%) (from pre to post-test measurement) • NA
Minor • High drop out in long term follow up (post intervention)
• No long term follow up
• High drop out in long term follow up (post intervention)
• No long term follow up
• NA