Once you can identify a basic sentence, you can join or separate your sentences to best communicate your ideas. Show A compound sentence joins two or more sentences that have related ideas of equal importance. The two sentences go together. Each sentence or independent clause must still have a subject and a verb. For example: She wanted spinach salad; he wanted a hamburger. He went to the party, but she stayed home. One way to create a compound sentence is with a semi-colon. Not a common practice, a semi-colon is used only where ideas are very closely related. For example: She loves me; she loves me not. They say it's your birthday; it's my birthday too! - Paul McCartney Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things. - Peter Drucker Another way to create a compound sentence is with a coordinating conjunction. Coordinating conjunctions are sometimes referred to as FANBOYS. Notice how a comma is used with a coordinating conjunction. For – He couldn't go home, for he had no place to go. And – I took a taxi, and she drove home. Nor – He didn't want help, nor did she offer it. But – I wanted to go late, but she wanted to go on time. Or – She cooked dinner, or she went out to a restaurant. Yet – She owned a car, yet she didn't know how to drive it. So – She had to go, so she called a friend to drive her. Common problems with compound sentences include commas splices. A comma alone is not enough to connect two sentences. For example: Wrong – I was tired from working late, I had to go to class anyway. Right – I was tired from working late; I had to go to class anyway. Right – I was tired from working late, but I had to go to class anyway. Common problems with compound sentences include fused sentences. Sentences cannot just run together. They must be joined with a semi-colon or a coordinating conjunction. For example: Wrong – My brother just graduated from high school he will attend St. Petersburg College. Right – My brother just graduated from high school; he will attend St. Petersburg College. Right – My brother just graduated from high school, so he will attend St. Petersburg College. Dual construction vs. the coordinating conjunction - or when to use the comma! When combining sentences into a compound sentence, you need a comma before the coordinating conjunction. For example: I like peanut butter, and I like jelly. He eats macaroni, but he won't eat cheese. BUT when combining two nouns or verbs, you don't need a comma. I like peanut butter and jelly. He eats macaroni or cheese but not both. A special use of semi-colons - the Conjunctive Adverb Sometimes mistaken for a FANBOY, a conjunctive adverb actually joins two sentences with a semi-colon AND has additional punctuation inside the second sentence. For example: I hate spinach; however, I love broccoli. I want to graduate with honors; furthermore, I want to go to law school. I don't want to go out tonight; besides, I have homework to do. Some common conjunctive adverbs include accordingly, also, however, furthermore, nevertheless, consequently, finally, likewise, and meanwhile.
Run-on sentences, also known as fused sentences, occur when two complete sentences are squashed together without using a coordinating conjunction or proper punctuation, such as a period or a semicolon. Run-on sentences can be short or long. A long sentence isn’t necessarily a run-on sentence. Here’s a tip: Want to make sure your writing shines? Grammarly can check your spelling and save you from grammar and punctuation mistakes. It even proofreads your text, so your work is extra polished wherever you write.
Grammarly helps you communicate confidently Run-on sentence examplesBelow is an example of two independent clauses that are structured as a run-on sentence. It fuses two complete thoughts into one sentence without proper punctuation.
Lila enjoyed the bouquet of tulips John gave her on prom night however she prefers roses. Now, here is an example of how to write these two independent clauses correctly. A semicolon is placed between the two clauses to separate each thought. It also includes a comma after the conjunctive adverb, however, as a transition into the second clause.
Lila enjoyed the bouquet of tulips John gave her on prom night; however, she prefers roses. Here’s a tip: Want to make sure your writing always looks great? Grammarly can save you from misspellings, grammatical and punctuation mistakes, and other writing issues on all your favorite websites. Fixing and correcting run-on sentencesTo avoid run-on sentences, see if there is more than one idea communicated by two or more independent clauses. In our examples, there are two complete sentences:
Lily enjoyed the bouquet of tulips John gave her on prom night. Both sentences are complete ideas by themselves; therefore, use a semicolon or a period to indicate that they are separate independent clauses. Never miss a run-on sentence mistakeWriting with Grammarly helps you avoid run-on sentences. Our writing suggestions look for grammatical mistakes as well as the clarity of your writing, flagging when sentences are too long and therefore not as readable and understood by your audience. Grammarly offers suggestions on how to run-on sentences, helping you learn how to improve your writing over time.
A sentence may be one of four kinds, depending upon the number and type(s) of clauses it contains. Review: An independent clause contains a subject, a verb, and a complete thought.
A dependent clause contains a subject and a verb, but no complete thought.
1. A SIMPLE SENTENCE has one independent clause.
Punctuation note: NO commas separate two compound elements (subject, verb, direct object, indirect object, subjective complement, etc.) in a simple sentence. 2. A COMPOUND SENTENCE has two independent clauses joined by A. a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so), B. a conjunctive adverb (e.g. however, therefore), or C. a semicolon alone.
Punctuation patterns (to match A, B, and C above): A. Independent clause, coordinating conjunction independent clause. B. Independent clause; conjunctive adverb, independent clause. C. Independent clause; independent clause. 3. A COMPLEX SENTENCE has one dependent clause (headed by a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun ) joined to an independent clause.
Punctuation patterns (to match A, B, C and D above): A. Dependent clause, independent clause B. Independent clause dependent clause C. Independent, nonessential dependent clause, clause. D. Independent essential dependent clause clause. 4. A COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE has two independent clauses joined to one or more dependent clauses.
CONNECTORS--COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES Two independent clauses may be joined by 1. Coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS) Ic, and ic 2. Conjunctive adverbs Ic; therefore, ic. A dependent (subordinate) clause may be introduced by 1. Subordinating conjunctions (ADVERB CLAUSE) Dc, ic. or Ic dc. 2. Relative pronouns (ADJECTIVE CLAUSE) I, dc, c. or I dc c. 3. Relative pronoun, subordinating conjunctions, or adverbs (NOUN CLAUSE) |